平凡的反义词范文
时间:2023-03-29 21:37:00
导语:如何才能写好一篇平凡的反义词,这就需要搜集整理更多的资料和文献,欢迎阅读由公务员之家整理的十篇范文,供你借鉴。
篇1
平坦的反义词
中文发音:平坦[píng tǎn]
词语解释:1、没有高低凹凸。亦用于比喻,犹言没有曲折,很顺当。2、公平;直率。
反义词:崎岖、险峻、峻峭、陡立、陡峭、坎坷、凸凹
用平坦造句
1、我家门前是一片平坦而开阔的土地。
2、阿帕奇发射的反坦克导弹轰隆一下就炸平坦克刚才所处的土坡了。
3、清晨我背着书包去上学,走在宽阔平坦的马路上,一轮红日照耀着大地,我身上也暖洋洋的。
4、我的眼前有一条平坦的大路!
5、这个平坦的草地上,一棵棵小草,,在阳光的照耀下,逐渐成长。
6、校园操场上的土地非常平坦。
用平坦的反义词造句
崎岖:虽然过程非常崎岖,但他们还是做到了。
险峻:险峻的高山不能阻挡我远行的脚步。
陡峭:这个陡峭的山崖令人胆战心惊。
坎坷:下雨的时候,这条坎坷不平的道路越发显得泥泞不堪。
【扩展阅读:造句的方法与使用】
造句训练是小学语文教学的基本内容,贯穿整个小学学习阶段。造句训练的根本目的在于提高学生准确运用词语的能力以及培养学生的思维能力和想象能力等。造句的质量,直接影响着学生的作文水平,我们该如何学会造句呢?
一、正确理解词义。正确理解词义是造出好句子的前提条件,为此,我们应该根据词义特点和自己的知识水平以及词语所处的语言环境,要采取灵活多样的方法来理解,这样才能造出合乎逻辑的句子来。
二、句子是语言运用的基本单位,它由词或词组构成,能表达一个完整的意思,如告诉别人一件事,提出一个问题,表示要求或者制止,表示某种感慨。它的句尾应该用上句号、问号或感叹号。小学生因为词汇量有限的缘故,在造句上总会大伤脑筋,其实只要找对了方法,造句并不难。
三、把句子造得真实具体,生动形象。对学生的造句,我首先要求真实。例如“……又……又……”造句,有位学生是这样造得:“我家种的冬瓜,又大又圆,像个大篮球。”这个句子造得比较具体、形象,却不真实。我对学生说:“南瓜不像大篮球,而是像个枕头。所以说,造句也应该强调真实性,不然的话,形象的描写,就不准确;具体的叙述,也是错的;感情的抒发,也就不真实。
四、有的形容词造句可以用一对反义词或用褒义词贬义词的组合来进行,强烈的对比能起到较好的表达作用。如用“光荣”造句:“讲卫生是光荣的,不讲卫生是可耻的。”用“光荣”与“可耻”作对比,强调了讲卫生是一种美德。
五、“字词句段篇”是语言文字训练的基本流程。在这个流程中,句子训练处于字词和段篇训练之间。它既是字词教学的“升华”,又是段篇教学的“起点”,起着“承上启下”的作用。造句的时候,不但要让将句子造对,还应该把句子造好,使句子语气通畅,真实具体,生动形象,并富有思想感情,从而为写作打下良好的基础。
篇2
2、波动:波浪式地涨落或起伏式的运动。
3、激烈:情绪、声音高亢激昂。
4、动荡:比喻情绪或者局势不安定。
篇3
国庆节,我和妈妈、舅舅他们决定再次去温州乐园玩。我们买了票进到里面,看着那些游乐设施,我产生了一种说不出的熟悉的感觉,我想起了上次来到这儿的情景,那时我还只有11岁,不敢坐那些惊险的项目,感到十分遗憾。所以早在车上我就跟舅舅提出要玩上次没玩过的项目。他们听完后用一种不相信的眼神看着我,这也不怪他们,因为上次爸爸硬拉着我上去,我还是不敢,所以就只有我一个人站傻呆呆地在那里,他们都上去了。笑了笑说:“我现在已经是初中生了嘛,也要尝试着去体验一下。”
不知不觉中我们来到了过山车的所在地了,可是这时我却想打退堂鼓,但仔细想了一下,不行做人最主要的就是诚实守信,不就是个过山车吗,我怎么可能被这小小的东西给吓到呢,难不倒我的。但是虽然是这样想的,但是双脚却不听使唤地抖着。要进场了,我死拽着表弟的手,他说:“就知道你不敢坐。”听了这话,我马上松开他的手,说:“这是什么话,我只是怕你不敢才拉着你的手的。”表弟摇了摇头。过了好一会儿,我们才坐到位子上,因为过山车是整个乐园最受人欢迎的项目。
系好安全带后,我一直在心里默默地说:“没事的,一会儿就过去了,很好玩的。”车子开动了,刚开始只是慢慢地往上爬,听着下面的齿轮在“咚咚”地响着,我的心也跟着“扑通扑通”跳个不停,就像装了十五个水桶——七上八下的。“啊”,我还没来得及反应,过山车一下子往下冲去,我的心提到了嗓子眼,突然,我觉得自己的脚好像脱离了地球的引力,感觉腾空了一样,我正纳闷,睁开眼睛一看,原来车已经来到了中央那个圆形轨道上,,看着眼前的景物呼啸而过,我吓得马上闭上了眼睛。
过了一会儿,过山车慢下来了,我缓缓的睁开眼睛一看,原来是已经回到原点了,我赶紧解开安全带。这时,我才发现自己的脚已经软了,妈妈见状,立刻跑来扶着我,笑着问道:“感觉怎样?”我点点头,回答:“很爽,很刺激!”
通过这次坐过山车,我觉得自己长大了许多,至少我比以前的自己更加勇敢,敢于去面对事情了。这真是一次不平凡的体验啊!
篇4
How to teach vocabulary more effectively is a question frequently raised by school teachers of English in China.The reason for it is that vocabulary seems the most difficult part to deal with in TEFL at schools in China,especially at senior middle schools.To teach vocabulary more effectively and make new words more memorable,school teachers are practicing many techniques in their classroom teaching activities.The techniques change with the development of foreign language teaching theories and methods.While various techniques contribute to teaching vocabulary at senior middle schools in China,the technique of translation is still of vital importance.
The Role of Vocabulary Teaching
Teaching vocabulary in teaching English as a foreign language is regarded to be most important by the majority of teachers of English in China’s senior middle schools(and by whomever teaches English as a foreign language to students as well).As is often said by one of our tutors in ECP(English Coaching Paper)classes,something like this,with words you can convey meaning but with grammar(without words)you can convey nothing.Or it seems safe to say ‘with words you can communicate,while with only grammar you can do nothing.’ This is ‘meaning over structure’.Yet,‘it has been apparent for some time that little attention has been given to the needs of practicing and student teachers of English as a Second Language’(Verginia,F.A.1983).Obviously,the Second Language mentioned above refers to both English as a second language and English as a foreign language.Although researches into teaching vocabulary have not been that much,or have been,to some extent,neglected in the past few decades,in actual teaching and learning,vocabulary is thought by both teachers and learners to be of great importance.Fortunately,at China’s senior middle schools vocabulary teaching and learning is regarded of first importance.The role of vocabulary in classroom language teaching seems to have received more consistent understanding than that of grammar.However,techniques for teachers to teach vocabulary remain to be re-evaluated.
A Brief Review of Vocabulary Teaching Techniques
Before dealing with the techniques involved in teaching English vocabulary at China’s senior schools,it is necessary to have a general understanding of some of the major techniques for teaching and learning vocabulary.Haycraft seems to have covered the major techniques in presenting vocabulary.They are:presenting vocabulary in context;giving description or definition;teaching outside the classroom;using objects;using drawing;mime;making use of opposites and synonyms;translation;pictures/flash cards;wall charts,and words games.In addition to introducing these techniques,Haycraft also strongly recommends that teachers should teach the words in spoken form first,try to present new words in context and he also emphasizes that revision is essential.
Techniques Involved in Vocabulary Teaching
at China’s Senior Middle Schools
The majority of these techniques mentioned above are adopted in teaching vocabulary in classroom teaching at China’s senior middle schools.To make the vocabulary memorable and communicative,teachers are advised to teach vocabulary paying more attention to the spoken form.Then teachers are making efforts to teach new words by creating a context,to give descriptions or definition in English,using objects available in the classroom or easily taken into classroom or within sight,to use students’ or the teacher’s drawing to teach new words,to mime when teaching some new verbs,to use opposites or synonyms of the new words when teaching adjectives,to translate English words into Chinese when it is difficult to teach the new words with other techniques,to apply pictures and flash cards with the aid of computer technology,to teach and review vocabulary using words games.All these techniques contribute to vocabulary teaching in classroom English teaching at China’s middle schools.
The Connection of Translation and Grammar-translation Method
Of those techniques involved,the technique of translation is being mistakenly treated since it is lexically connected with the Grammar-translation Method.Grammar-translation,which was introduced to teach foreign languages in China in the late nineteenth century in the late Qing Dynasty and had dominated China’s foreign language teaching for a long period of time until the late 1970s until other approaches were introduced.What this method focuses on is to prepare students to read and write classical materials and to pass standardized exams,as Howatt once described.With Grammar-translation methods,the teacher gives students necessary explanations of grammar rules,and demonstrates example sentences of the grammar points.In addition,the teacher or the students have to translate these sentences into their own language and also translate sentences of their own language into the target language.These methods seldom focuses on the ability of listening and the fluency of speaking.Therefore,the Grammar-translation is regarded as a method out of date and translation has received doubt and rejection.
Why To Re-evaluate Translation
However,Translation as a technique in teaching vocabulary should be re-evaluated.It should be treated differently from the method of Grammar-translation.There are three primary reasons for this.
Firstly,the technique of translation is different from the Grammar-translation Method of teaching a foreign language.It does not focus on grammar and translation of sentences.It concerns only the meaning of certain vocabulary.Translation as a technique in teaching vocabulary in TEFL is better in teaching words with abstract meaning than other techniques in practice.When teaching a word with abstract meaning like“brave”,it would be much simpler to translate the word with a mono-lingual class,as Haycraft argued.
Secondly,it is doable to teach new vocabulary using the technique of translation to teach vocabulary.There is no need to turn to other techniques to do the meaning of such a word as ‘brave’,for the 40 minutes in a period of class does not allow the teacher to present every word using definition and description or other more complicated techniques when they occur in a reading context,though that might be better for speaking and listening competences.Techniques applied in a mono-lingual class are different from those in a multilingual class,in which it is impossible for the teacher to translate the new words into many languages.However,the majority of the senior middle schools in China have mono-lingual classes.Therefore it is practical to apply this technique in classroom teaching activities.
Thirdly,in teaching passive vocabulary,it saves teaching time.In contrast to active words,which the students need to understand correctly,memorize permanently and use constructively in communication,the students also encounters a large quantity of passive vocabulary,words which the student only need to recognize and understands when they occur in a context but which he cannot produce correctly himself(Haycraft,1978).And at China’s senior middle schools,the teachers and students have to deal with more passive words than active words as they are forced to highlight the competence of reading due to their course book and the syllabus.When the technique of translation are properly applied in teaching vocabulary in classroom English teaching,a large quantity of time is saved.Hence,it is safe to state that while various techniques contributes to teaching English vocabulary at senior middle schools in China,translation is still of vital importance.
Conclusion
In conclusion,because of the importance of teaching and learning vocabulary in TEFL,various techniques are adopted for effective classroom teaching activities at senior middle schools in China.With the development of economy and politics,theories and methods for teaching English in China have also transferred.As Grammar-translation in TEFL is being forsaken,this technique has consequently received doubt and rejection.However,it is quite mistaken to equally treat grammar-translation and the technique of translation,which is actually useful and important in vocabulary teaching,because together with other techniques involved,translation contributes much to teaching vocabulary.Moreover it has always been a very important one.Therefore,what we need to think more about is not to reject it but how to combine translation with other effective techniques in classroom vocabulary teaching so that teachers can make new words more memorable for students to learn.Meanwhile teachers can teach vocabulary more effectively in their classroom teaching activities.
Bibliography
Reference Sources
Haycraft.J.(1978)An Introduction to English Language Teaching,London:Longman.
Howatt,A.P.R.(2004)A history of English language teaching,Oxford:Oxford University Press 2nd ed.Krashen.S.(1988)Second Language Acquisition and Second Language Learning,Oxford:Pergamon.
Liu.J.(2007)English language teaching in China:new approaches,perspectives and standards,London;New York:Continuum.
Mitchell.R,& Myles,F.(2003)English Language Teaching in Its Social Context.London:
Arnold.Nation.I.S.P.(2001)Learning Vocabulary in Another Language,Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Porter.D.(2001)Check Your Vocabulary For Academic English,London:A.& C.Black,3rd ed.
Willis.D.(1990)The Lexical Syllabus An New Approach to Language Teaching,London:Collins ELT.
A Practice of Teaching Noun Clause in Writing for Higher Vocational College Non-English Majors
唐湖
Tang Hu
作者简介:唐湖(1965-),女(纳西族),云南丽江人,副教授,学士,主要从事英语教育教学研究。
(English Department,Lijiang Teachers CollegeLijiangYunnan674100)
Abstract:In ESL teaching,explicit grammar instruction can play a major role in the language teaching and learning,particularly in the advanced level English writing class.Because of the variety of Noun Clauses,mistakes of understanding the function of Noun Clauses,improper explanations occur often in ESL learners' writing.In this article an explanation of a definition of noun clauses,types of noun clause and the activities of applying noun clauses in writing are offered in order to help learners understand the rules clearly so that they can apply the rules they have learned as a guide in their writings.
Key words:Noun Clause;explicit grammar;EFL learner,advanced writing
As Thomas defines the noun clause as a dependent clause that works like a noun,you can find it as a subject,object or the complement of subject.According to Betty Schrampfer Azar(1998)a noun clause is used as a subject or an object.In other words,a noun clause is used in the same ways as a noun phrase.Helen Schmodt(1995)said that noun clauses act as direct objects,predicate nouns(complements)and subjects in the sentences in the same way that single noun,or noun phrase can.Following is an explanation of order to help learners understand the rules clearly so that learners can apply the rules they have learned as a guide in their writings.
1.Noun Clause used as a subject.
In the following examples the italicized part of the sentences are the noun clause function as a subject
1)What he said was interesting.(Subject of the sentence)
2)Which came first is not clear.
3)That she doesn't understand spoken English is obvious.
4)Whoever undertakes a new national review should first carefully examine the current situation,including the actual effectiveness of the regulatory mechanisms provided by the NIH guidelines.
None Clause subject with“It”(used with certain adjectives and verbs such as well,likely,important)
1)It is interesting that people fear public speaking.
That people fear public speaking is interesting.
There are some questions to think about in order to solid the application of the Noun Clause after giving the explicit explanation in the class.What do you see in front of the main verb,a clause or a phrase Find the subject of the main verb.What function do noun clauses fill in the above examples What subordinating conjunctions are used to introduce noun clauses?
After the instruction of the above explicit rule of noun clauses,a set of practice of applying the rules can be assigned to the students by pair works,or in groups.Students are asked to changes the given sentences into a noun clause by following the examples.
Example:The world is round.
It is a fact that the world is round.
That the world is round is a fact.
1)Tim hasn't been able to make any friends.
2)Drug abuse can ruin one's health.
3)English is the principle language of the business community throughout much of the world.
4)The earth revolves around the sun.
2.Noun Clause used as direct object/object of preposition
In the class session,the teacher can give some sample sentences as a warm up exercise to intrigue the students’ curiosity to understand the rules so as to be able to apply them in their writing.Such as:We know what his problem is.Please explain how it works.Tell me who they are.I invited whoever wanted to go.She was afraid of what he would say.They complained about how they finished it.
With the previous examples,when the teacher are explaining the rules,some of the highlighted points can be prepared to help students deepen the understanding so as to know how to use them when they are dealing with the situation in writing.Such as:What do you see after the main verb,a clause or a phrase Find the object of the main verb.What function do noun clauses fill in the above examples What subordinating conjunctions are used to introduce the noun clauses?
3.Discussion
With the promotion of communicative approach of language teaching,there comes a lot of debates about the grammar-rules teaching which is strongly object to the spirit of Communicative Language Teaching.However,linguists define grammar as a set of components:phonetics(the production and perception of sounds),phonology(how sounds are combined),morphology(the study of forms,or how elements are combined to create words),syntax(how words are strung together into sentences),and semantics or meanings.Because all languages were characterized by these components,by definition,language doesn't exist without grammar.(Musumeci,Dian 1997)
As language teachers,we know clearly,the goal of language of language learning in the communicative classroom is to enable the EFL learners to acquire the grammar of the foreign language in its broad sense that is to enable the EFL learners to understand,finally to become the proficient users of English language.Many of the EFL learners have been experiencing the grammar learning.One of the arguments of adults’ second language leaning is that thelearners can not learn the foreign language the way they learned their first language(Bley-Vroman,1989).Native speakers acquired their native language at an early age by practice naturally in the rich cultural and linguistic environment they were born or grew up in.Adult learners can not easily learn the second language as they did in acquiring their mother tongue(Gao,2001).Since children and adults learn language differently,it is discussed that grammar can be used as an important means to help adults increase their chance to successfully learn a second or a foreign language.
本文是“任务型教学在英力克英语口语活动中的应用研究”,课题编号ZX12208的部分研究成果。
References:
Gao,zhonggang,Carl(2001)Second Language Learning and the Teaching of grammar.volume 122:326
Johnson,Keith.An Introduction to Foreign Language Learning and Teaching.Pearson Education Limited.2001:161.
Lavelle,Thomas.Teaching Noun Clauses,Part l(7/28/2004):
Musumeci,Diane.(1997).The Role of Grammar in Communicative.
Language Teaching(7128/1004):mhhe…com
Oshima,Alice(1990).Writing Academic English.Additson-welsey Publishing Company,Inc.180,193.
篇5
【关键词】急性冠脉综合征;急诊PCI;妊娠相关蛋白A;高敏C反应蛋白
急性冠脉综合征(ACS)是因不稳定的冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂激发血栓形成所致的急性心肌缺血综合征。其中斑块的不稳定性是ACS发病的始动因素已成为共识。急诊PCI术是目前治疗ACS的有效方式,PCI术可造成冠脉斑块的暂时不稳定,可引起体内妊娠相关蛋白A(PAPP-A)和高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平的变化,其水平与冠脉病变程度相关,目前对该领域的研究较少,本研究旨在探讨急性冠脉综合征患者急诊PCI术前后妊娠相关蛋白A、高敏C反应蛋白水平的变化意义及与冠脉病变程度的相关性。
1 材料和方法
1.1 研究对象 选择鞍山市中心医院2006年8月至2007年5月急诊PCI术治疗的47例急性冠脉综合征患者。其中,急
性心肌梗死患者43例,不稳定心绞痛患者4例,平均(57.3±7.1)岁,男32例,女15例,患者诊断均符合1979年WHO冠心病标准,符合PCI术的适应证,同时除外PCI术禁忌症。
1.2 标本收集 患者均于PCI术前1 h和术后24 h通过肘静脉采集静脉血5 ml,枸橼酸钠抗凝后,以3 000 r/min离心5 min,取上清液,分装于2个Ependorff管中,标记后置于-70℃冰箱中保存,直至检测。
1.3 测量方法 PAPP-A测定采用ELISA法,试剂盒购自深圳晶美公司,严格按说明书进行操作,其检测灵敏度为0.1 mIU/L。hs-CRP测定采用ELISA法,试剂盒购自深圳晶美公司,严格按说明书进行操作,其检测灵敏度为0.01 mg/L。
1.4 冠状动脉造影及判断标准 采用Judkins法,冠状动脉造影判断冠心病的标准为至少有一支冠状动脉内径狭窄≥50%。根据冠状动脉病变支数分为单支病变组、双支病变组和3支病变组(主要分支如对角支、边缘支归属主支统计)。
1.5 统计学分析 采用SPSS11.5进行统计学分析,组间比较采用 t 检验分析, P
2 结果
3 讨论
妊娠相关血浆蛋白A(PAPP-A)是一种高分子量的含锌金属蛋白酶,是一组水解内啡肽酶,最初在妊娠妇女血清中发现,主要应用于唐氏综合症(Down’s syndrome)的诊断,非胎盘组织中的PAPP-A作用最近才被发现[1]。Bayes-Genis等[2]通过对8例心源性猝死患者的8块不稳定斑块和4块稳定斑块的分析,在组织学上证实了PAPP-A在不稳定斑块中含量丰富,而稳定斑块中含量很少。近年来的多项研究都探讨了PAPP-A在冠心病中的作用,最近更将其列为冠心病患者易损血液的炎症血清学标志物之一[3]。炎症是动脉硬化形成以及斑块破裂和血栓形成的一个重要因素,血清C反应蛋白是炎症的一种非特异性但敏感的生物学指标[4]。
本研究显示在PCI后24 h患者血浆PAPP-A水平较术前升高,提示PCI对血管的损伤可能直接导致了血浆PAPP-A水平的升高。血管平滑肌细胞是合成PAPP-A的重要组织,目前认为PCI后PAPP-A的改变可能与PCI对平滑肌细胞机械刺激以及损伤后血管局部炎症激活,进而刺激平滑肌细胞和其他组织大量合成PAPP-A增加有关[5-6]。研究同时表明双支病变组和3支病变组PAPP-A和hs-CRP水平明显高于单支病变组,具有显著的统计学意义,提示hs-CRP和PAPP-A水平与冠脉病变程度存在明显的相关性。
PCI是目前治疗急性冠脉综合征尤其是急性心肌梗死的首选治疗方式之一,是心肌再灌注治疗、挽救濒死心肌、改善心功能的重要治疗方式。通过本研究显示PCI对血管的损伤直接导致血浆hs-CRP和PAPP-A水平的升高,术后的加强抗凝、抗血小板以及降脂稳定斑块治疗也是极其重要的。
参考文献
[1]Oxving J,Sand O,Kristensen T,et al.Isolation and characterization of circulating complex between human pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and proform of eosinophil major basic protein.Biochem Biophys Acta,1994,1201:415-423.
[2] Bayes-Genis A,Conover CA,Overgaard MT,et al.pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A as a marker of acute coronary syndromes.N Engl J Med,2001,345:1022-1029.
[3] Naghavi M,Libby P,Falk E,et al.From vulnerable plaque to vulnerable patient:a call for new definitions and risk asscssment strategies:Part II.Circulation,2003,108:1772-1778.
[4] Mayuml S,Toshihiko I,Junichi J,et al.relations of plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein to traditional cardiovascular risk factors.Atherosclerosis,2003,167:73-79.
篇6
用法: 补充式;作谓语、定语、补语。
出处: 路遥《平凡的世界》第一卷第七章:“她那人间的爱人悲痛欲绝,日日在她变成的土山下面,跪着呜咽哭啼,直到死在这山脚下。”
示例: 她听到儿子遭到车祸的消息悲恸欲绝。
近义词: 痛不欲生、悲痛欲绝、 哀痛欲绝、伤心欲绝 。
篇7
四年级上册语文阅读题
露珠的身体很小,生命也很短暂,但它却是不平凡的。每当夜幕笼罩的时候,它像慈母用乳汁哺育婴儿一样滋润着禾苗;每当黎明到来的时候,它又最早睁开不知疲倦的眼睛。它白天隐身于空气中,夜晚无声地在黑暗中工作。它不像暴风那样挟风雷闪电炫耀武力,更不像冰雹那样残酷无情。它默默地工作,又默默地逝去,它把短暂的一生风险给人类,而对人类却从来无所苛求。它多么像辛勤的园丁,培育着祖国的花朵,多么像我们敬爱的老师――伏在桌灯西下夜以继日地工作,把毕生的心血滴滴洒在孩子们的心田。
1、写出下面词语的反义词。(1分)
短暂-( ) 奉献-( )
2、用“――”画出文中的比喻句,用__画出文中的拟人句。(2分)
3、用“___”画出作者联想的句子。(1分)
4、作者为什么把露珠比作老师(3分)
_________________________________________________________________
5、这段话赞美了什么?(2分)
_________________________________________________________________
四年级上册语文阅读答案:
1、长久 索取
2、(略)
3、(略)
篇8
词语运用
班级
姓名
得分
一、在括号中填入恰当的词语。
(16
分)
时间:40
分钟
满分:100
分
(
)的小燕子
(
)的图画
(
)的小莲蓬
(
)的鹿角
(
)的鸟窝
(
)的事情
(
)的肥皂泡
(
)的世界
二、选择恰当的词语打“√”。
(10
分)
1.老木匠用他那双(灵敏
灵巧)的手雕出了一件件精美的木雕
作品。
2.这座公园将古典园林和现代建筑珠联璧合地结合在一起,称
得上是建筑史上的(创举
创造)。
3.从卫星拍摄到的照片可以(检测
推测)该星球上有水的存在。
4.我这几天很(奇妙
奇怪),不知不觉地写着作业就睡着了。
5.这光丽的薄球就无声地(分散
散裂)了,肥皂水落了下来,
洒到眼睛里。
三、补充词语,完成练习。
(16
分)
掩(
)盗铃
画蛇添(
)
(
)亡齿寒
(
)瞪口呆
张(
)结舌
(
)平气和
(
)(
)相照
(
)灵(
)巧
1.填写的词语的共同点是:
。(2
分)
2.画蛇时给蛇添上了脚,这说的是成语
。
它的比喻义是
。(6
分)
3.我会选一个词语造句。(3
分)
四、给加点的字词选择正确的解释。
(8
分)
【味道】A.趣味,情趣;B.味;C.气味。
1.栀子花散发出一股好闻的味.道.。
(
)
2.这部电视剧越看越有味.道.。
(
)
3.这道菜味.道.好。
(
)
【摆布】A.安排,布置;
B.操纵,支配(别人行动)。
4.小沙只得规规矩矩由老师傅摆.布.。
(
)
5.这间屋子摆.布.得十分雅致。
(
)
【深】A.(感情)厚,(关系)密切;B.距离开始的时间很久;C.
从上到下或从外到里的距离大(跟“浅”相对)。
6.夜已经很深.了,爸爸还在工作。
(
)
7.阳光很难射进深海.里。
(
)
8.他们从小玩到大,两人的关系很深.。
(
)
五、填写修饰词语,使语段更生动具体。
(16
分)
我家养了一只狗,这是一只
的小动物,既乖巧,又
可爱,很讨人喜欢。
它
的身体有一尺来长,四肢灵活,
行动敏捷。一身
的皮毛,就像一团棉花上洒
了几滴墨汁。它有着
的脑袋,
的小面孔上
嵌着一对
的小眼睛。那对
的耳朵能听到极
的声音。
六、阅读短文,完成练习。
(34
分)
竹
子
竹,是极平凡的,然而,竹子和人们的生活息息相关。青青
翠竹,浑身是宝。竹子既是建筑材料,又是造纸原料。竹皮可编
织竹器,竹沥和竹茹可供药用,竹笋可食,味道鲜美。翠竹真不
愧是“绿色的宝矿”。然而,我更欣赏竹子那顽强不屈的品格。
从古至今,它和松、梅被人誉为“岁寒三友”,历来被文人所题
咏,画家所描绘,艺人所雕刻。当春风还没有融尽残冬的余寒时,
新竹就悄悄地在地下萌芽了。春风一吹,它就像一把利剑,刺破
泥土,挤开顽石,脱去层层笋衣,披上一身绿装,直插云天。暑
往寒来,迎风斗寒,经霜雪而不凋,历四时而常茂,充分显示了
竹子不畏艰难,不惧压力的强大生命力和坚强不屈的品格。我想,
竹子的品格体现的不正是我们中华民族自强不息、不屈不挠的民
族精神吗?我们每个人需要的不也正是这种精神吗?
1.在文中找出下列词语的反义词。(8
分)
非凡——
(
)
自暴自弃——
(
)
弱小——
(
)
毫不相关——
(
)
2.这篇短文写了竹子的
和
两方面的内
容,重点写了竹子的
。(6
分)
3.作者从竹子是
、
,可
,可供
,
几个方面写了
竹子“浑身是宝”。(10
分)
4.填一填。(6
分)
“岁寒三友”是指
、
、
。
5.竹子的品格体现的不正是我们中华民族自强不息、不屈不挠
的民族精神吗?这是
句。竹子最突出的品格是
。(4
分)
6
词语运用
一、示例:伶俐可爱
光彩夺目
嫩黄色
精美别致
各种形状
有趣
轻清脆丽
奇妙
二、1.灵巧,√
2.创举,√
3.推测,√
4.奇怪,√
5.散裂,√
三、耳
足
唇
目
口
心
肝
胆
心
手
1.都是人体部位名称
2.画蛇添足
做多余的事,反而不恰当
3.示例:你应该心平气和地把事情说清楚,不该动不动就发火。
四、1.C
2.A
3.B
4.B
5.A
6.B
7.C
8.A
五、示例:驯良
瘦瘦
黑白相间
圆圆
玲珑
闪闪发光
灵敏
细微
六、1.平凡
自强不息
强大
息息相关
2.用途
生命力顽强
生命力顽强
3.建筑材料
造纸原料
编织竹器
药用
竹笋可食
4.松
竹
梅
篇9
在此时,我接受了一个公开课任务,我选择人教版课标本五年级上册的《“精彩极了”和“糟糕透了”》一文。
这篇文章是美国作家巴德·舒尔伯格在回忆他七八岁时写了第一首小诗,他的父母给他的同一作品做出的截然相反的极端评价的事:“精彩极了”的夸奖,是慈祥的母亲期望儿子成功的热情鼓励;“糟糕透了”的批评,是严厉的父亲防止儿子骄傲自满甚至“误入歧途”的警告、提醒和鞭策,是严格要求。“两种声音”虽然截然相反,出发点却都是希望儿子努力上进、不断进取,都是爱的表现形式。对于赏识教育风靡一时的今天,如何让学生去理解父亲的做法背后的那个“爱”字呢?
细读文本,我把目光停留在“我”接受了母亲夸张的赞扬之后焦急地等待父亲回家的这几段描写上。这几段文字充分地运用了语言、行动等一系列细致的描写,表现了巴迪满心期盼得到父亲的赞赏时的焦急心情,这一系列行为已毫无争议地暴露出了孩子的骄傲自满。父亲正是基于对这一点的观察,便给当时正“得意洋洋”的巴迪泼了一盆冷水。这是父亲细致观察之后的爱的流露,是一种及时的理性的提醒。
尤为值得注意的是,文章为了极度渲染巴迪的那种焦急等待的心情,运用了许多表示时间的词语,特别是“七点”“七点一刻”“七点半”,这三个时间词的特殊叠加,更展现了作者高度的描写技巧。三个句子都用的是句号,似乎独立成句,但三个时间又仅隔十五分钟,这每隔十五分钟之间又发生了什么?时间为什么会以这样短小的单位一步步地叠加?噢,是等待呀,是漫长而焦急的等待呀,是等待中的人——巴迪的一种心境的流露啊!
于是,一个教学设想在我心中萌发,以下就是我的这个设计实施之后的教学片断:
师:儿子听了母亲的夸奖之后,除了腼腆和得意洋洋之外,还有哪些不同寻常的表现呢?(学生汇报,略)
师:老师注意到了,在许多描写巴迪表现的语句中,有许多含有时间的语句,你能把它们找出来吗?(学生汇报,略)
师:(课件出示这些语句,并且把表示时间的词用红色着重显出,这些词是:什么时候、晚上七点钟、整个下午、将近七点钟、七点、七点一刻、七点半、快到八点钟)请你们把这些词句仔细地读一读,看看你从这些词句中体会到了什么。
生:从听了母亲的表扬到晚上父亲回来,其实只有一个下午多一点的时间,我却体会到巴迪觉得这段时间很长很长。
生:对,因为每个表示时间的词之间的时间距离其实是那么短。
师:你能举例说说吗?
生:比如:七点。七点一刻。七点半。这三个时间每两个之间只相差十五分钟。
师:你真是个有心人!你们有没有发现这三个词中是什么标点符号?
生:句号。
师:这就说明这三个表示时间的词语各代表着完整的一句话。老师似乎看到了作者没有说出来的话。想象一下,你似乎看到小巴迪这段时间在做些什么?
生:我似乎看到小巴迪跑到门外,踮起脚尖朝路口望去,又突然缩回了头。
师:他为什么会这样做?
生:他又希望父亲早点回来,又害怕父亲回来了。
师:说得真好!
生:我似乎看到巴迪不时地在屋里走动着,又安静地坐下来,焦急而又耐心地等待着。
师:“焦急而又耐心”?你为什么会这样认为?“焦急”和“耐心”不是一对反义词吗?
生:因为巴迪想早点听到父亲的表扬,所以他焦急呀;因为巴迪认为不管父亲什么时候回来,他得到父亲的表扬这件事已经是板上钉钉——铁定了,所以他就有耐心呀!《十里长街送总理》里面不就这样写过吗?这并不矛盾。
师:你能联系以往的阅读经验来思考,真是太棒了!从这一系列的词句当中,我们已经感受到,巴迪因为母亲的赞扬已经有些——
生:得意洋洋,骄傲自满了。
师:让我们一起再读读父亲怎么评价儿子的诗的语句吧!你们一定会明白父亲为什么要这么做了。
篇10
姓名:________
班级:________
成绩:________
小朋友,带上你一段时间的学习成果,一起来做个自我检测吧,相信你一定是最棒的!
一、基础题
(共20题;共78分)
1.
(2分)写出下列句子的修辞手法。
①“哨歌”就像报晓雄鸡的啼唱,唤醒我们,催促我们。________
②我们要将我们全部的光和热,献给祖国,献给人民,献给您——我亲爱的祖国。________
2.
(4分)根据拼音写汉字。
xīn
kuí
shǎn
yínɡ
________香
向日________
________北
________绕
3.
(3分)用上恰当的修辞手法,把句子补充完整。
①一到夏季,这哨所繁花点点更像________。
②在我们心中,国旗是________。
③站立在祖国的最东端,我们成了________。
4.
(5分)照样子,在横线上填上合适的词。
例:微笑对高兴正如流泪对(悲伤)。
雨天对潮湿正如晴天对________。
摇头对反对正如点头对________。
勤奋对聪明正如懒惰对________。
豺狼对残忍正如羔羊对________。
旧社会对黑暗正如新社会对________。
5.
(5分)选字填空。
泪
累
类
还
孩
①
这________运动,________得小明腰酸腿疼,最后________是流下了眼泪。
②
这个________子________是没有得到小伙伴的支持。
6.
(5分)按要求写句子
①我的眼光被河心一个什么东西吸引住了。(改成把字句)
②羊皮筏子上,乘客那从容的神情,就如同坐在公共汽车上浏览窗外的景色。(用加下划线字造句)
③如果没有足够的勇气,就是连眼也不敢睁一睁的。(用加下划线字造句)
④艄公破浪前行。(扩句)
7.
(5分)读下面的句子,选择其中的一组关联词语造句。
①既然我们像界碑一样立在这里,我们就要用我们的手,我们的脚,我们的身体,我们的心灵,构筑一道坚固的防线。
②我们之所以意志坚强,是因为我们心中拥有太阳。
8.
(5分)用下列词语造句。
①佩服
②勇气
9.
(3分)写出反义词
神圣—________
光明—________
欣慰—________
10.
(5分)解释下列词语
①馨香:
②凝聚
:
11.
(3分)给下列划线字注音
________
________
________
一缕
陕北
向日葵
12.
(5分)把陈述句换成把字句
①焰火照得夜空光彩夺目。
②黄鹂吃了卷叶虫。
13.
(3分)把下列词语补充完整。
________扶疏
凿冰________
________卧雪
14.
(5分)将下列陈述句改成反问句
①这恰好表明有数不尽的骆驼。
②马跑得越快,离楚国就越远了。
15.
(1分)读课文《太阳与士兵》,用上恰当的修辞手法,把句子补充完整。
一到夏季,这哨所繁花点点更像________
16.
(3分)读课文《太阳与士兵》,在横线上填上恰当的词语,使语句通顺
在我们心目中,国旗是祖国母亲最________的脸庞。作为她的守护者,我们要________她接受来自光明之源的第一缕________。
17.
(5分)扩句
①脚步踏上大地。
②国旗是脸庞。
18.
(5分)缩句
①升旗场是荒凉哨所上最美的一片风景。
②我眼睁睁地看着雪漫旷野。
19.
(1分)读课文《太阳与士兵》,写出下列句子运用的修辞手法
太阳说,每每看到你们,我就想,要多为你们洒点光,多为你们送一分热。________
20.
(5分)将下列句子改为陈述句。
①这不是我们伟大的哨兵吗?
②太阳不是从东方升起来了吗?
二、阅读题
(共5题;共40分)
21.
(23分)阅读下文,回答问题
《巡道工的故事》
暑假里,我乘火车到外婆家去玩。我靠着车窗,看见绿色的田野,清澈见底的溪流……从窗外匆匆闪过。眼前的美景深深地吸引着我。
“呜------”前方传来了一声汽笛长鸣,我探出头往前一看,车头正带着我们转弯,弯道旁站立着一位老工人,他虽然戴草帽,可是身上的汗水仍然像许多条细细的小溪往下淌,那光着的上身显得油光滑亮,好像是用紫铜铸成的,他的手里,举着一把铁锤,正微笑着向我们致意。我敢肯定,他就是巡道工,因为爸爸曾经给我讲过巡道工的故事-------
有一次,爸爸坐火车到远方去出差,在一个漆黑的深夜,列车在倾盆大雨中飞驰。突然,车厢“咯噔”一声猛响,在一个前不着村后不着店的地方停下来。
人们从睡梦中惊醒过来,打开车窗,只见在列车的前言,一盏红灯在一晃一晃,借着车头的光柱大家看到了,雨幕中有个人提着红灯在走,浑身像刚从水里出来的一样,他就是巡道工。
后来才知道,这里山洪突然爆发,路被冲坏了一段。要不是巡道工冒着瓢泼大雨巡查路线,就会造成严重的后果……
“在千里铁路线上,有许多巡道式默默无闻地工作着,越是天气不好,他们就越是繁忙,他们用自己的辛勤劳动,换来列车的安全行驶。”爸爸的话在我耳边又一次响起。
列车呼啸着向远方奔去,我却情不自禁地回过头来,注视着那位平凡的老工人,渐渐地远了远了,最后消失在我的视线中。然而听着列车有节奏的“咯噔”声,看着列车上的张张笑脸,巡道式的形象又浮现在我的眼前,留在我的脑际……
(1)从短文中找出两个比喻句写在横线上,并说明把什么比作什么。
(2)找出描写巡道工外貌的语句,再写出这样的描写说明了什么?
(3)写出这篇短文中各段的小标题:①________;②________;③________。
(4)本文哪些方面的内容是主要的,哪些方面的内容是次要的?为什么要这样写?
(5)体会“爸爸”说的话的意思,并写出话的含意。
22.
(2分)根据你对课文的理解,给下列句子选择合理的解释。
(1)老师的神情变得严肃了。________
①老师对“我”不认真画画有意见。
②老师责怪那些笑话“我”的同学。
③老师觉得“我”画得很准确,可其他同学觉得好笑,这引起了老师的深思。
(2)你看见一件东西,是什么样的,就画成什么样,不要想当然,画走了样。________
①父亲告诉“我”,画画可以不用思考,把看到的画下来,就行了。
②父亲想告诉“我”,画画时要相信自己的眼睛,画出事物的本来面目。
23.
(5分)仔细阅读课文《太阳与士兵》,说说课文写了几方面的内容,表达了作者怎样的思想感情。
24.
(5分)阅读课文《太阳与士兵》选段,回答问题
太阳:在我看来,升旗场是荒凉哨所上最美的一片风景。这里石径回环,草木扶疏。一到夏季,繁花点点,更像铺了一地锦绣。北国的松,江南的竹,中原的月季,陕北的向日葵……每一粒种子都带着战士故士的馨香在这里落户。一座升旗场,是一个中国的浓缩和凝聚。
找出文中的拟人句,说说它的作用。
25.
(5分)阅读课文《太阳与士兵》选段,回答问题
太阳:一年一年,我眼睁睁地看着雪漫旷野,冰封江河;眼睁睁地看着你们踏雪巡逻,凿冰取水。你们立身于中国最东端,立身于最冷达零下四十摄氏度的冰火雪地之中,但你们迎风站哨的形象仍在,爬冰卧雪的英姿依然……每每看到你们,我就想,要多为你们洒点光,多为你们送一分热。
从文中找出两个成语,并解释。
参考答案
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二、阅读题
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