八年级下册英语范文
时间：2023-03-31 04:14:33
导语：如何才能写好一篇八年级下册英语，这就需要搜集整理更多的资料和文献，欢迎阅读由公务员之家整理的十篇范文，供你借鉴。
篇1
一、教学目标
第一，能运用本课有关友谊的新词汇和宾语从句的表达方式咨询信息，谈论友谊，进行口语交流。
第二，能听懂本单元所提供的听力素材，并完成听力任务。
二、教学重难点
理解和掌握以下重点词汇：whether， personal， public，whether…or not， by the Way。
辨析短语：right now, at once, immediately， whether …or not 与if 的区别。
三、教学过程
1.预习检测
（1）同义词
if= relation=
gift= lonely=
（2）词性变化
person（形容词）____________
worry（形容词）_____________
passed（同音词）____________
usual(副词)______________
2.导入
T: I worship reporters so much, I really wonder how they work. Well, I would like to ask you when you interview a foreigner, what will be the first question?
S1: …
3.听说训练
Now let’s listen to Activity1 for the first time, then find out how many people they are.
（听完第一遍后，学生说出听到的人数。）
（听完第二遍后，让学生起来说出他们的答案。）
（听完第三遍，确认答案。）
4.互动
（一听）：
回答课本问题。
（二听）
T: Can anybody tell us what he has heard?
Who is your close friend?
Can you tell me where he comes from?
由此引出一系列关于亲密朋友的讨论，鼓励学生自由发言。
（三听）：
What kind of questions are personal questions?
Who can go to a public concert?
Why does Chen Huan call Sally a foreigner?
（听完后，教师重新播放一遍录音，共同订正答案。）
5.练习
完成Activity6/7的练习。
6.课堂达标检测
（1）写出下列重点词组
个人问题___________
欢迎来中国_________
来自于_____________
事实上__________
学汉语___________
在学校乐队___________
最后一场公众音乐会___________
几个月以后___________
（2）你能运用所给提示词与组内成员复述对话吗？
If That’s whether…or notask sb. sthbe here with sb.studyinghave heard thatwill be heremiss sb.close to your friend
7.家庭作业
熟读对话，背诵所划下来的10个重点句子。
四、教学反思
本课时首先要求掌握的基础知识是新单词和短语。因为是初二的学生，所以进行了拓展教学，在采用了归类、联想等教学方法的同时，可根据词根拓展词汇，如词根“per”代表“每一”的意思，除了“personal”之外，还有percent, permit 等；表示立刻、马上这一含义的短语除了right now,还有immediately, at once 等。
篇2
message...n 消息;信息
answer...vt 回答;接(电话)
telephone...n 电话
afraid...adj 怕;害怕
be out... 出去;在外
moment...n 片刻;瞬间
at the moment... 此刻
cinema...n 电影院;电影
pleasure...n 愉快;高兴
Bruce... 布鲁斯(男名)
ring...vt & vi 给...打电话
phone...n 电话机
way...n 道路;方式;方法
by the way... 顺便说;顺便问一下
photo... 照片
the next day... 第二天
story...n 故事
harvest...n & vt 收获(物);收割
enough...adj 足够的;充分的
really...adv 真正地;确实
ring up... 打电话给...
season...n 季节
spring...n 春天;春季
everything...pron 每件事;一切
summer...n 夏天;夏季
hot...adj 热的
wear...vt 穿戴
cool...adj 凉的;凉快的
autumn...n 秋天;秋季
winter...n 冬天;冬季
warm...adj 暖和的
January...n 一月
last...vi 持续
sydney...n 悉尼(澳大利亚港市)
weather...n 天气
be different from... 和...不同
at this time of year...在(一年的)这个时节里
letter...n 信
penfriend...n 笔友
Robert... 罗伯特(男名)
well...adj & adv 好
get warm... 变暖和
get long... 变长
turn green... 变绿
rain...vi下雨 n.雨
lake...n 湖
snow...vi 下雪
skate...vi 滑冰;溜冰
篇3
一． 单项选择（共15小题，计15分）( )1. — Where will you live? — I will live ________ a space station.A. at B. in C. on D. to( )2. There ________ an English film this evening. A. will B. is going to have C. is going to be D. will have( )3. —What do you usually have for breakfast? —_______milk and _____eggs.A. A little；a few B. A little；a little C. A few；a little D.A few；a few( )4. Beijing is a very beautiful city. I fell in love ____ it when I came here. A. with B. at C. for D. as( )5.Though the old man lives _______, he doesn’t feel _________.A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. alone, alone D. lonely; lonely( )6. They have________ work today and they’ll have________ tomorrow.A. more；more B. much；much C. much；more D. many；more( )7. —When________ you _______here? —In a month.A. will；moving B. do；move C. will；move D. did；move( )8. There is ____ milk in this glass than in that one.A. less B. little C. least D. fewer( )9. I _______him as soon as he _______ back.A. will tell；will come B. tell；will come C. tell；comes D. will tell；comes( )10. He seems________. A. happily B. happy C. happiness D. to happy( )11. We have to wear _____ uniform to school. A. a B. an C. the D. /( )12. _______ students went to the zoo last Sunday. A. Two hundred B. Two hundred of C. Hundreds C. Hundred of( )13. Japanese companies have already made robots _______. A. to walk and dance B. walking and dancing C. walk and dance D. walked and danced( )14. The prediction that computers will be used at home has __________. A. come over B. come true C. come along D. come out ( )15. —Do you think that there will be more trees in the mountain. —___ A. I hope so. B. I hope not. C. Oh, really? D. Yeah, there will be fewer trees. 二、完形填空。（共10小题，计15分）Robots seem very new to most people. And they have a long history. The 16 one was made by a Greek inventor (发明家). You may 17 robots in some films. The robots in these 18 are stronger, faster and cleverer like people. In real life, most robots are used in factories. They are used to do many dangerous, difficult or boring 19 . Some people can’t look after 20 and robots are used to help them. For example, some people can’t see, many of these people use a 21 to help them move around. This dog is called a guide dog. 22 are making a robot to help them. In the future, robots dogs 23 take the place of (代替) these guide dogs.Robots are also 24 in American hospitals. At one hospital, a robot takes meals 25 the kitchen to the sick people’s rooms. It never loses its way because it has a map of the hospital in its computer system (系统). In the future, robots will work in space. But robots will never take the place of human. They can help us in a lot of different ways. ( ) 16. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth( ) 17. A. look B. watch C. look for D. see( ) 18. A. factories B. apartments C. films D. programs( ) 19. A. chores B. homework C. housework D. jobs( ) 20. A. they B. their C. themselves D. them( ) 21. A. dog B. cat C. parrot D. panda( ) 22. A. Doctors B. Reporters C. Teachers D. Scientists( ) 23. A. must B. might C. have to D. have to( ) 24. A. used B. took C. made D. looked( ) 25. A. with B. to C. from D. for三．阅读理解（共10小题，计20分）A Dear Anita, In your last letter you asked me about my plans for the future. .First, I will finish high school. Then I will go to college and study to be a doctor. I won’t get married right away because it takes a long time to become a doctor. I want to help sick people. I’m going to learn a lot about illness. Maybe I will find a treatment for cancer. I’ll be famous and I will become very rich. After I become a successful doctor, I’ll get married. I want to marry an interesting person. For example, my wife might be an artist .We will have a wonderful life together. I think we will have one or two children. Doctors get paid quite a lot so I think we will have a nice house. We will travel a lot. I want to visit Australia, Europe, and Africa. Are these plans, or dreams? Do they sound crazy to you? Write soon and tell me about your plans. Your friend Josh 根据短文判断正误26.Josh wants to become a doctor. ( ) 27.Josh wants to get married very soon. ( )28.Josh’s wife might do interesting work..( ) 29.Josh wants to have a lot of children. ( )30.Josh will travel to India.BDo you know the movie I, Robot? It tells us a story about the future.The year is 2035 and robots are just as common as mobile phones. People depend on their robots to do lots things, for example, babysitting, cooking, doing chores and taking their dogs for a walk. Robots have to obey (听从) human’s orders, because their designers make them do so. A police officer called Spooner hates robots. He doesn’t think humans can get on well with their robots at all! But the scientist Susan has different opinions. Susan works on robots’ mind and she thinks one day robots will become more powerful (强大的) than humans and help humans to make progress (进步).When Spooner and Susan work together, they find that something is wrong with the world’s robots. A few robots have their own thoughts and they’re trying to get out of humans’ control (控制)! Of course these robots’ dream doesn’t come true. Humans work hard to control their robots again and they succeed at last.( ) 31. The story happened (发生) in _____________. A. 2010 B. 2020 C. 2035 D. 2040( ) 32. The phrase “depend on” in this article means ____________. A. 依靠 B. 悬挂 C. 相信 D. 取决于( ) 33. Spooner is a __________ and Susan is a ___________. A. scientist; professor B. bank clerk; police officerC. policeman; doctor D. police officer; scientist( ) 34. Susan thinks that one day _____________.A. robots can’t get on well with humansB. robots will help human to make progress C. robots will have their own thoughts D. robots will control the world( ) 35. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to this article? A. The movie I, Robot talks about the future.B. People use their robots to do everything. C. A few robots want to get out of human’s control. D. At last humans succeed in controlling the robots again.四．词汇运用（共20小题，计20分）A．从方框内选出单词，用其适当形式填空。每空格限填一词，每词限用一次。
36. It ________ me two hours to finish my homework every day.37. Let’s go _________ after school.38. There are many famous ________ in Shanghai Bund(上海滩).39. Yang Liwei is one of the best ________ in China.40. There _______ a big concert in our city this evening.41. There are many _________ about the relationship(关系) between the mainland and Taiwan.B．在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，词首字母已给。In some science fiction movies，people in the future have their own robots. These robots are just like h 42 .They help with the housework，and do the most u 43 jobs. Robot scientists are not just trying to make robots look like people. For example, there are already robots working in factories. These robots look more like huge arms. They do s____44__ jobs over and over again. People would not like to do such jobs and would get b___45___. But robots will never get bored. In the future, there will be more robots e__46___and humans will have less work to do. New robots will have many different s__47___. Some will look like humans, and others might look like snakes. We will never know what will happen in the future.C．用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。48. Maybe he wants to go _______(skate) tomorrow. 49. He makes his students________ (read) English every day. 50. It’s difficult for robots __________ (think) like humans. 51. I think there _______ (be) less books in the future because people will read on computers.52. Ten years ago students ________(go) to school on foot. 53. In ten years students _______ (take) cars to go to school.54. I need _______ (look) smart for my job interview.. 55. We are now _______(try) to learn English well.五．句型转换。（共5小题，计10分）56. Sally played football yesterday. (改为一般将来时) Sally ______ ________ football tomorrow.57. I think he can finish doing the work on time.(改为同义句) I think he will ______ ______ _______ finish doing the work on time.58. There will be more people in our country. (改为否定句) _______ _______ _______ more people in our country.59. I will live in Shanghai in ten years.(就划线部分提问)_______ _______ you live in ten years?60. Our team seems to win the game. (改为同义句) ______ _______ _______ our team will win the game.A. I also like watching sea-fish.B. Where should we meet?C. That’s wonderful!D. Where are you going this weekend?E. when do you plan to leave?F. Do you want to join us?G. I’ll see you then.六．补全对话（共5小题，计5分）A: Hi, Mary. 61 .B: Hi, Jack. I’m going to the beach with some friends. 62A: Yeah, that sounds fun. Which beach are you going to?B: We’re thinking about driving to the beach in Qingdao. I like driving, and 63 A: That sounds great! 64B: Well, we are setting off (出发) at about six o’clock on Friday.A: Great! 65 61_________ 62__________ 63__________ 64___________ 65___________ 七．书面表达（计15分）写作要求：我喜欢英语，我想在10年以后当位英语老师。我要尽可能教好我的学生。我要尽量用英语讲课。我要努力使我的课讲得生动有趣。另外，我们都喜欢听老师讲故事，所以我要经常给学生讲英语故事，使他们对英语感兴趣，从而能提高他们的听力。我相信我能成为一个好老师的。词数：80左右。
参考答案 一．单项选择 1-5 CCAAB 6-10 CCADB 11-15 AACBA二、完形填空。16-20 ADBDC 21-25 ADBAC三．阅读理解26-30 TFFFF 31-35 CADBB四．词汇运用36. takes 37. swimming 38. buildings 39. astronauts 40. will be 41. predictions42. humans 43. unpleasant 44. simple 45. bored 46. everywhere 47. shapes48.skating 49. read 50. to think 51. will be 52. went 53. will go 54. to look 55. trying五．句型转换。56. will play 57. be able to 58. There won’t be 59. Where will 60. It seems that六．补全对话 61-65 DFAEG七．书面表达 One possible versionI like English. I want to be an English teacher in ten years. I'll teach my students as well as possible. I'll give my lessons in as much English as I can. I'll try my best to make my lessons lively and interesting. Besides, we all like listening to stories. So I'll try often to tell my students stories in English, so that they'll be interested in English and can improve their listening. I believe that I can become a good teacher.
篇4
Ⅰ. 词汇
A) 根据句意、首字母或汉语提示,写出空白处所缺的单词。
1. S_____travels more slowly than light.
2. W _____ city will you visit next week, Beijing or Shanghai?
3. One day people will f _____ to the moon for vacation.
4. I want to be an astronaut when I grow up. I will live on a s_____ station.
5. She s _____happy today.
6. I think robots will do the_____ (家务) for us in the future.
7. You need to look smart for your job _____(面试).
8. Are you afraid of _____(蛇)?
9. In spring, flowers come out _____(处处).
10. I’ll have many different _____(宠物) in my home.
B) 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. There are many tall_____(build) in big cities.
2. Don’t worry about me, mum. I can look after_____(I) and keep healthy.
3. The trip was_____(pleasant) because there were too many people and too much noise in the place of interest.
4. The boy is interested in science. His dream is to become a_____(science).
5. Japanese companies have already_____(make) robots walk and dance.
6. Robots do simple jobs over and over again and they will never get_____(bore).
7. My father_____(take) the bus to work five years ago. Now he drives to work.
8. The boy_____(fall) off the bike and hurt his left leg yesterday.
9. I hope there will be _____(little) pollution and more trees in that area.
10. The time is too short. It’s _____(possible) for me to finish this work.
Ⅱ. 单项选择
1. Zhai Zhigang is _____astronaut, and his wife is _____worker.
A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a
2. Can a robot do the same things _____ a human?
A. of B. for C. as D. like
3. Wait a moment, please. I need a piece of_____to write down your phone number on.
A. bread B. paper C. cake D. music
4. Did Mr Smith get_____while he did the simple andjob again and again?
A. bored, boring B. bored, bored
C. boring, boring D. boring, bored
5. ―Does Wang Ming live _____ ?
―No. He lives with his parents.
A. happily B. alone C. safely D. healthily
6. In a few years’ time, there will be_____ trees on the mountain.
A. a hundred of B. a hundreds
C. hundred of D. hundreds of
7. What made Sally_____ just now?
A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. cries
8. To keep healthy, we should eat_____vegetables andmeat.
A. much; little B. many; few
C. more; less D. more; fewer
9. My brother is too young to_____himself.
A. put on B. dress C. wear D. put
10. Both of the T-shirts look nice on me. I can’t decide_____ to buy.
A. which B. when C. how D. where
11. People will use robots _____ the housework in the future.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. to doing
12. I predict that there will be more computers _____ in the future.
A. every place B. no place C. nowhere D. everywhere
13. Miss Wang_____ to have known the bad news.
A. needs B. wants C. seems D. sounds
14. What do you think_____ this afternoon?
A. Mary will do B. Mary does
C. does Mary do D. will Mary do
15. ―Will there be much more trees in the future than now?
― _____. Because people are planting more and more trees every year.
A. No, there won’t B. Yes, they are
C. No, there aren’t D. Yes, there will
Ⅲ. 句型转换按括号内的要求改写下列句子,每空限填一词。
1. There will be a school trip this afternoon. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
―_______________ a school trip this afternoon?
―Yes,_______________ .
2. We went to Beijing last summer and visited some places of interest. (用next year替代last summer改写句子)
We_______________to Beijing next year andsome places of interest.
3. How is the weather in your hometown now? (改为一般将来时)
____________________the weather in your hometown tomorrow?
4. We will have a class meeting in three clays. (对画线部分提问)
____________________ you have a class meeting?
5. To work hard at our lessons is possible for us. (改为同义句)
_______________for us to work hard at our lessons.
Ⅳ. 汉译英根据汉语句子,完成英语句子,每空限填一词。
1. 明年我的妹妹就能够自己穿衣服了。
My sister ______________________________ herself next year.
2. 如果你努力的话, 你的梦想总有一天会实现的。
If you work hard, your dream will probably some day.
3. 你认为人们家中将会有机器人吗?
Do you think______________________________robots in people’s homes?
4. 她一到北京,就爱上了这座城市。
She______________________________ Beijing as soon as she got to the city.
5. 未来生活是什么样子的?
What _______________the life_______________ in the future?
6. 对年轻人来说,周末去滑冰是一件有趣的事情。
It _______________for the young_______________ at weekends.
7. 你认为将来会有更少的野生动物,更多的动物园吗?
Do you think _______________ wild animals, but _______________zoos?
8. 玛丽今天很不高兴,因为琼穿的鞋和她的一样。
Mary felt _______________today, because Jane wore_______________shoes_______________she did.
9. 中国计划在几年后建立一个太空站。
China plans to build a _______________ in a few years.
10. 机器人可以重复地做简单的工作,而且从不感到厌烦。
Robots can do simple jobs _______________ again, and they will never _______________ .
Ⅴ. 完形填空
Robots are no longer part of the science fiction movies, and they have become a real part of our daily life. With the help of robots, we are having ____ 1____and relaxing lives.
Robots are developing quickly. They can leap, jump, roll, climb, and fly. They are trying____2____everything for human beings. Now, robots can sweep our floors, play games with people on the computer, and even save people ____3 ____ drowning(淹死). They can also understand human speech, so they can do ____4 ____people tell them to do.
Consider____5____ more work robots can do than you. They never____6____ working until they break down. You can finish 50 orders in a day,____7____robots can finish 500 orders in an hour. And in general(一般来说), they don’t make any mistakes.
So what ____ 8 ____ if robots can do anything for people? Maybe we will become 9 and even lose our jobs. Will this lead to the downfall(堕落) of humans?
Do you 10 robots will be good or bad for our lives?
1. A. interesting B. boring C. hard D. unhappy
2. A. do B. to do C. not to do D. not do
3. A. from B. in C. out of D. for
4. A. why B. where C. when D. what
5. A. how many B. how much C. how often D. how long
6. A. start B. want C. stop D. hate
7. A. while B. because C. as D. so
8. A. happens B. happened C. will happen D. happening
9. A. hard B. lazy C. intelligent D. foolish
10. A. like B. look C. make D. think
Ⅵ. 阅读理解
(A)
Today people can use the phone to talk with others almost anywhere on the earth. But when you use the phone, you can’t see the person you are talking with. But that may change even tomorrow morning.
Perhaps you have already heard of a kind of telephone called the picture phone or vision phone. With it, two people who are talking can see each other.
Picture phones can be useful when you have something to show the person you’re calling. They may have other uses in the future. One day you may be able to ring up a library and ask to see a book. Then you’ll be able to read the book right over your picture phone. Or you may be able to go shopping through your picture phone. If you see something in the newspaper that you want to buy, you’ll go to your phone and call the shop. People at the shop will show you the thing you’re interested in right over the phone. You’ll be able to shop all over the town and never leave your room!
1. Today people can use the phone to talk with others ____ .
A. in all the towns B. in some places in the world
C. only in big cities D. almost anywhere on the earth
2. The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph means ____ .
A. the picture phone B. any phone
C. the use D. the change
3. We can ____ through the picture phone according to the passage.
A. write a book B. do shopping
C. play games D. have classes
4. Picture phones are very ____ when two people talking over the phone hope to see each other.
A. useful B. impossible C. bad D. badly
5. Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?
A. Today some people are using the telephone to talk to each other.
B. With the picture phone, two people can’t see each other while talking.
C. The phone is very useful.
D. Today people can use the picture phone to shop at home.
(B)
I guess that I will work in ten years, but I don’t know what job I will have. Maybe a reporter or a singer? But I can tell you what I’ll do next week――celebrate my birthday with my friends. I’m too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future!
There’s one thing I really want to do. That is to travel around the world. I hope I will live somewhere different in ten years. Somewhere really interesting like Australia, or even Japan――who knows? I’d like to be a teacher and I’ll probably teach English after leaving college.
I’m not really sure about the future. I know that I’m going to go to college and I also think that I will get married(结婚) sometime in ten years. I’d like to have a family and I want to have an interesting job as well. I’m interested in writing, so I’ll probably work as a writer.
根据短文内容,判断下列句子的正(T)误(F)。
6. Linda is too busy to celebrate her birthday with her friends.
7. Emma thinks Australia and Japan are both interesting places.
8. Mary thinks she will live alone and work as a writer in ten years.
9. Linda and Mary want to do the same job in ten years.
10. Emma and Mary both think they will go to college in the future.
Ⅶ. 书面表达
如今,社会在进步,经济在发展,人们的生活在一天更比一天好。请你从人们的生活方式、生活习惯及工作环境等方面,畅想一下50年后人们的生活状况。词数:不少于80个,开头给出的语句不计入总词数。
Life in fifty years will be different from life today. Many changes will take place. But what will the changes be?
____________________________________________________.
Unit 2What should I do?
Ⅰ. 词汇
A) 根据句意、首字母或汉语提示,写出空白处所缺的单词。
1. ―What’s the time, please?
―Sorry, my watch doesn’t work. There’s something w____with it.
2. I’m lucky to get a t____ to the football match.
3. You shouldn’t a____about daily trifles(小事) with your parents.
4. Don’t p____the CDs too loud. I’m going to bed.
5. ―Why are you unhappy?
―Because I didn’t do well in the exam. I think I may f the exam.
6. We all went to the movies last night____(除了) Lucy.
7. My friend borrowed some money from me a few days ago and didn’t____(归还) it.
8. The tour____(包括) a visit to the Science Museum.
9. Many parents ____ (督促) their children too hard.
10. Children need time and ____(自由) to relax.
B) 选择方框中的单词或短语并用其适当形式填空,使句意完整。
argue, keep out, in style, get on, complain about,
fit ... into, compare ... with, call up, upset, find out
1. Let’s ________Erin and invite her to the movie.
2. Yesterday I had an________with my best friend.
3. When I ________I passed the exam, I was very excited.
4. You need to wear warm clothes ________the cold.
5. The fashion girl always loves clothes ________.
6. The boy is always ready to help others, so he________well with his classmates.
7. Some children ________ having no time to relax every day.
8. I don’t think it’s good for parents________their own children ________other children.
9. Now more and more parents try to ________as much as possible________ their kids’ lives.
10. Emilio is ________ because his friend didn’t invite him to the party.
Ⅱ. 单项选择
1. ―Could you please give me ________?
―Sure.
A. any advices B. some advices
C. an advice D. some advice
2. Jim is upset because he argued ________ his best friend this morning.
A. to B. as C. with D. over
3. Would you please turn your radio down a little? It is so ________.
A. easy B. loud C. difficult D. interesting
4. You must do your homework as________as possible.
A. careful B. more careful
C. carefully D. more carefully
5. Some children might find it difficult to plan things for________ when they grow up if parents are always trying to plan everything for .
A. their; themselves B. themselves; they
C. themselves; their D. themselves; them
6. I didn’t believe it ________ my friend told me about it.
A. until B. after C. when D. as
7. Yesterday I________to take my homework with me. I ________it at home.
A. forgot; forgot B. left; left
C. forgot; left D. left; forgot
8. Anna didn’t go to the movie. Dennis didn’t go to the movie,________.
A. either B. too C. also D. so
9. Mary wants to buy a new jacket because she thinks her old one is________.
A. in fashion B. in style
C. in common D. out of style
10. How much did you________ for the computer?
A. take B. pay C. spend D. buy
11. Linda did her best in the English test, but she________ .
A. lost B. missed C. passed D. failed
12. It is very cold outside. Why not put on the overcoat to________ the wind?
A. keep out B. take in
C. talk about D. ask for
13. My best friend Zhao Min told a lie to me. I don’t know________to do.
A. how B. what C. where D. when
14. ― ________?
―My computer doesn’t work.
A. What’s the matter B. How do you like your computer
C. What should I do D. What are you doing
15. ―You could get a tutor to help you with your English.
― ________ . But my parents don’t have enough money.
A. It doesn’t matter B. You’re welcome
C. That’s a good idea D. I don’t think so
Ⅲ. 句型转换按括号内的要求改写下列句子。每空填一词。
1. Tom has a headache. (对画线部分提问)
________________________________Tom?
2. I think you should buy a new bike. (改为否定句)
I ________you________buy a new bike.
3. It seems that he likes English very much. (改为同义句)
He________________English very much.
4. He should call her up. (对画线部分提问)
________________________ he ________?
5. My father got back after 10 last night. (改为同义句)
My father________back________________ 10 last night.
Ⅳ. 汉译英根据汉语句子,完成英语句子。每空填一词。
1. 学生们应该融洽相处。
Students should ________________________each other.
2. 我们总是把易建联和姚明作比较。
We are always________Yi Jianlian________Yao Ming.
3. 上周我送给他两张足球赛的票。
I gave him two________________the football match last week.
4. 你查出飞机起飞的时间了吗?
Did you ________________when the plane would take off?
5. 我表妹和我一样大。
My cousin is________________ me.
6. 你应该向你爸爸要点钱来付书款。
You ________ your father ________some money to________ the books.
7. 我们班里除了我以外,每个人都已经收到了邀请。
________in my class________invited________.
8. 他们直到昨天下午才完成那项工作。
They________the work________ yesterday afternoon.
9. 我们没有足够的时间玩电脑游戏。
We ________have ________to ________ computer________.
10. 我不想跟你打架。
I don’t want________you.
Ⅴ. 完形填空
Dear Linda,
Without knowing more about you, it is hard for me to give you any good advice.
But first, I am sure that you are ____1____. You said that nobody would care if you left home. What about your____2____ and other family members? It seems that you are very ____3____. You’d better go to see a doctor or talk ____4____your parents. They will be able to help you.
Second, I’m sure there’s someone ____ 5 ____in your class who feels lonely, too. You never know____ 6____other people feel. Try to make friends with your classmates. And you could ____7____ a club to meet new people and make friends with them, too.
You ____ 8____ find happiness in yourself. So my last advice is____9 ____a list of all the good things about yourself, learn to like yourself, and then others will see your confidence and ____10____you, too.
Editor
1. A. busy B. right C. clever D. wrong
2. A. parents B. classmates C. friends D. teachers
3. A. popular B. sad C. tired D. surprised
4. A. at B. about C. with D. of
5. A. other B. else C. another D. every
6. A. why B. how C. when D. where
7. A. study B. leave C. join D. start
8. A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. have to D. need to
9. A. write B. to write C. wrote D. writes
10. A. like B. hate C. visit D. want
Ⅵ. 阅读理解
(A)
Dear Editor,
I’m a middle school student. I have something to talk with you. In my school, many students have mobile phones(手机). They think it’s cool to have a mobile phone. Really the phones come in fun colors and let students talk with their parents and friends at any time. But I don’t think it’s good for students to use them at school. Many students use mobile phones to send messages(短信). It takes them a lot of time to do that. Some students always hope to buy the latest(最新的) mobile phones and this will waste their parents’ money. And my father tells me that most mobile phones can cause(引起) health problems. Could you do something to stop it?
Yours,
Mary
根据短文内容,从A、B、C、D中选择正确答案。
1. Who wrote the letter?
A. A parent. B. An editor.
C. A student. D. A teacher.
2. The writer of the letter wants to tell the editor that____ .
A. many students in her school don’t work hard
B. many students in her school have mobile phones
C. many teachers in her school use mobile phones
D. many parents buy mobile phones
3. Students use mobile phones to____.
A. talk with their parents and friends and send messages
B. learn from others
C. to study English
D. talk with their teachers
4. The students want to have the latest mobile phones. And it will____ .
A. waste their parents’ time
B. waste their parents’ money
C. save(节约) their time
D. save their money
5. The writer thinks that students____.
A. can’t use a mobile phone at home
B. should use mobile phones at any time
C. must have a mobile phone at school
D. shouldn’t use mobile phones at school
(B)
My name is Zhao Min. I am a middle school student. I have a lot of problems recently. First, I’m not happy in class. I’m so shy that I’m afraid of speaking in class. Second, I argued with my best friend. I’m very worried because I have few friends. I don’t want to lose her. Third, I feel nervous as the mid-term exams are coming. And even I can’t sleep well at night.
Yesterday, my mother took me to the doctor. I told the doctor my problems and he gave me some advice. He asked me to make more friends and play games in my free time, so that I’m not so shy. He also said, “If you don’t want to lose your best friend, you should talk with her. Tell her what you think and you will be the best friends again.” Because I can’t sleep well, he asked me to eat some foods good for sleep. And he asked me to relax. I’m trying to follow his advice.
根据短文内容,完成下面的表格。
Information Card
Ⅶ. 书面表达
认真阅读下面的来信,然后请你以赵老师的语气给王敏写一封回信,并给她提出一些恰当的建议。
Dear Miss Zhao,
How are you? I failed my English test again. I thought I had tried my best, but why? I am afraid to tell my parents about it, so I was very upset. Could you tell me what I should do?
Yours,
Wang Min
Key to Unit 1:
Ⅰ. A) 1. Sound2. Which3. fly4. space5. seems6. housework
7. interview8. snakes9. everywhere10. pets
B) 1. buildings2. myself3. unpleasant4. scientist5. made
6. bored7. took8. fell9. less10. impossible
Ⅱ. 1-5 DCBAB6-10 DACBA11-15 BDCAD
Ⅲ. 1. Will there be; there will2. are going; visit
3. What will; be like4. How soon will5. It’s possible
Ⅳ. 1. will be able to dress2. come true3. there will be
4. fell in love with5. will; be like6. is fun; to go skating
7. there will be fewer; more8. unhappy; the same; as
9. space station10. over and over; get bored
Ⅴ. 1-5 ABADB6-10 CACBD
Ⅵ. 1-5 DABAB6-10 FTFFT
Ⅶ. One possible version:
Life in fifty years will be different from life today. Many changes will take place. But what will the changes be?
People will work fewer hours than they do now and they will have more free time for sports, watching TV and traveling. Traveling will be much cheaper and easier. More people will go to other countries for holidays.
There will be changes in our food, too. There will be less room for cows and sheep, so meat will be more expensive. Maybe no one will eat it every day. Instead they will eat more fruit and vegetables. Maybe people will be healthier than now.
Work in the future will be different, too. Dangerous and hard work will be done by robots. Because of this, many people will not have enough work to do. This will be a problem.
Key to Unit 2:
Ⅰ. A) 1. wrong2. ticket3. argue4. play5. fail6. except7. return
8. includes/included9. push10. freedom
B) 1. call up2. argument3. found out4. to keep out5. in style
6. gets on7. complain about8. to compare; with9. fit; into
10. upset
Ⅱ. 1-5 DCBCD6-10 ACADB11-15 DABAC
Ⅲ. 1. What’s wrong with2. don’t think; should3. seems to like
4. What should; do5. didn’t get; until
IV. 1. get on well with2. comparing; with3. tickets to/for4. find out
5. the same age as6. should ask; for; pay for
7. Everyone; has been; except me8. didn’t finish; until
9. don’t; enough time; play; games10. to have a fight with
Ⅴ. 1-5 DABCB6-10 BCDBA
Ⅵ. 1-5 CBABD6. speak in class7. play games in free time
8. talk with her9. sleep well10. good for sleep
Ⅶ. One possible version:
Dear Wang Min,
How are you? I’m sorry to know that you failed your English test again. I know you work hard. Don’t worry about it. Remember: Failure is the mother of success. Maybe you should tell your parents about it and they can also help you.
Now I will tell you something about how to study English. I hope it will help you.
1. You should work hard in class. Listen carefully, use your head, ask and answer questions, work with your partners, do your homework carefully and so on.
2. You should do more listening, speaking, reading and writing.
3. It is good to think in English.
Well, I’ll stop here. Good luck!
篇5
首先，对于我来说，八年级下册是一个不平凡的学年度，为了适应它的艰苦，它的不平凡，我一定要将自己变得不平凡！
在这个寒假，我自学完了八年级下册的物理，都说八下物理是初中阶段最难，但是我还是学会了，学完了。最关键的是，我还是自学！对于我来说，它不平凡，是我光辉的一件事。
其次，我还自学完了八下数学，在此不做详谈。
最令我骄傲的，莫过于生地。下学期要生地会考，这是很令我头疼的一件事，我初一贪玩，基础薄弱，所以要好好利用假期，补习生地，奇迹般的，我不仅补习完了，而且自学完了八下生地！这很令我骄傲，希望考好生地会考，打好中考第一枪。
篇6
【关键词】初中 英语教材 整合 策略
2012年起牛津英语教材在进行一次较大的调整后成为9年制义务教育初中英语教材。调整后的教材虽然在难度上比牛津英语教材有所降低，但全册仍有8个单元，每个单元8个板块，按教学计划要求，1个单元需要7-8课时，加上一些必要的复习课和习题讲评课等，按每周5个课时规定，1个单元大概需花2周左右时间，这就产生了课时紧而任务重的矛盾。《英语新课程标准》提出，“教师要善于结合实际教学需要，灵活地和有创造性地使用教材，对教材的内容、编排顺序、教学方法等方面进行适当的取舍或调整”。因此，英语老师在开展实际教学时要用整体观审视教材，在纷繁复杂的语言内容中抓住主线，科学高效地整合教材，避免出现时紧时松现象，实现课堂效率的最大化。
一、初中英语教材整合的原则
教材整合不能盲目根据个人喜好随意进行，要充分考虑课程标准的要求和实际教学的需要。N格兰特曾经在‘Making the Most of Your Textbook’一书中列出了教材重组与整合的4个原则：1.体现交际性原则；2.体现相关性和目的性原则；3.满足学习者需求原则；4.体现语言材料真实性原则 。程晓堂教授在此基础上提出了教材整合的5点要求：1.使教学活动更具有可操作性；2.使教学活动的挑战性更加适合学生水平；3.使教学活动更加贴近学生的生活实际；4.使教学活动的步骤繁简适当；5.使教学活动的形式更加符合实际情况。
二、初中英语教材整合内容
根据教材整合原则，对教材进行整合包括内容的增删、调整和对内容先后顺序调整两大方面。
1.教材内容的增删调整。
（1）教材内容的增。教材内容的增可以指从其它教学参考资料中挑选部分内容进行补充，使教材内容体系更完整、更贴近学生的生活实际。以义务教育教科书初中英语八年级上册为例（Unit8 Natural Disasters），阅读文章是关于台湾大地震的，在实际教学中可以补充一些有关近年发生地震的内容，如日本地震、雅安地震和最近发生的甘肃定西地震等，这样不仅可以丰富教学内容，而且可以提高学生的学习兴趣，使教学更加贴近学生的生活。再如Unit4 Do it yourself中study skills板块内容是否定前缀un-，in-和im-，在教学中可以补充否定前缀dis-，和ir-等，使学生的知识体系更加完整。
（2）教材内容的删。这种调整主要将教材前后内容极其接近的内容删除，包括在前一册教材中已出现过的内容。如Unit 5的Grammar板块A部分，内容是情态动词may表示可能的用法，有关情态动词在七年级下册Unit 7中已出现过表示许可用法的内容，在七年级下册Unit 3 Comic strip板块出现过Maybe we can order a pizza的内容，句型中有了maybe表示“也许”的用法，教学时已经辨析了maybe 和may be的用法，在七年级下册2次出现may的用法，所以八年级上册就可以作为复习，简略即可。再如，Unit 3 Grammar板块B部分主要讲授的内容是反身代词，而这一知识点在七年级下册Unit 5 Amazing things 中的Reading板块中已经有所涉及，学生也接触过了类似enjoy oneself等一系列不同形式的有关反身代词的用法搭配，所以在这里只要作总结、归纳、复习即可。
2.教材内容先后顺序的调整。教材内容先后顺序的调整主要包括同一单元、不同单元以及不同年级内容之间的调整。
（1）同一单元内容的调整 如Unit 1 Integrated skills的听力部分的主题是Future plans，叙述的是自己将来的计划，而Speak up的主题是What’s he like？ 叙述的是介绍自己的朋友，这两部分内容相去较远，很难融合在1节课中教学，而本单元Welcome to the unit板块的主题是Qualities of a good friend，与Speak up主题较为接近，也较容易结合，将它们整合在一起教学效果相对较好。再如，Unit 1 Study skills内容是词汇的归类，如花1个课时讲授，显然内容较少、课堂容量过少，而本单元Task板块My best friend A部分表格里首先列出Words about people，可以将study skills 部分的内容与之整合，让学生通过brainstorming 来列出词汇，并自然而然归类。
（2）不同单元内容之间的调整 如八年级上册的语法重点之一是比较级和最高级，这些内容横跨了3个单元，Unit 1是形容词的比较级和最高级，Unit 2 是数量的比较级、副词的比较级和最高级，Unit 3 是as…as…的用法。如果分三3个单元讲教授，很难形成完整的体系，将它们整合在一起讲授，不一定要化1个课时，可以根据学生实际情况分几个课时连续讲授。首先从Unit 3 as…as…的同级比较再到形容词的比较级和最高级，同时穿插与之相似的副词比较级和最高级，最后到数量的比较，能更加符合学生的认知规律。再如，有关动词不定式的语法也分2个单元讲授，Unit 5 的2个语法知识点may 和动词不定式作宾语，是2个相对独立的语法项目，反而和Unit 6的动词不定式作目的状语和动词不定式作宾语补足语相关。之前提到的may的用法可以作简略处理，这样就可以将Unit 6的语法内容提前归类讲授。
（3）不同年级内容间的调整 这类调整主要出现在对教材内容的浅层拓展上。如在Unit 6 Study skills板块的内容是后缀-er，-or和-ist，这个知识点与七年级下册Unit 2 Integrated skills 板块的内容 Different jobs 相关，在七年级下册教学时可以适当拓展，这样再次遇到这个知识点的时就可以简略处理。
总之，初中英语教材通过整合后更加符合学生语言的接受能力和认知规律，使学生更易理解与接受。帮助学生找出教材内在规律，更容易形成语言知识体系，同时也增加了英语教学的开放性和灵活性，增强了学生的学习兴趣，提高了课堂实效。教材整合的过程是教学内容与教学方式综合优化的过程，是对教师教学智慧的挑战。教师只有深入理解教材，了解学生的知识结构才能有效整合教材，优化教学过程，提高课堂效率。
参考文献：
[1]教育部.英语课程标准教师读本（修订本）[M].武汉：华中师范大学出版社，2003（35）.
篇7
关键词：方法 能力 质量 八年级 英语
中图分类号：G633.41 文献标识码：C DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-8181.2013.22.200
1 引言
八年级是初中教学的承上启下阶段，既是对初一所学知识的总结与巩固阶段，也是为中考打牢基础，夯实知识体系的准备阶段，这也给八年级英语的课堂教学提出了更高的要求。笔者结合教学实践，认为提高八年级英语课堂教学水平应该从注重方法、培养能力、提高质量三个方面着手。
2 新时期初中生学习特点分析
新时代的初中生在英语学习方面具有更多鲜明的时代特色和个性需求，他们朝气蓬勃，正处于生长与发育的关键阶段，对知识的记忆力、吸纳力和理解力不断发展，对英语也具备了一定的知识储备，正处在学习英语的黄金时期。另一方面，现代中学生的个性诉求更加强，在新知识经济时代，受网络信息技术发展的影响，他们往往接触电视、多媒体、手机等传播媒介较早，知识体系更加完备，眼界更加开阔，已经难以接受僵化的满堂灌输式课堂教学，希望能够在宽松、愉快、弹性的课堂氛围中，完成对知识的学习和吸纳。结合新时代初中生的特点，下文中，笔者将结合教学实例来谈谈自己的看法。
3 注重课堂教学的方式与方法
对中学英语教学来说，课堂教学大致可以分为课程导入、内容展开、课文讲解、课堂总结、课后练习和巩固五个阶段，好的教学方法能够帮助学生克服生词障碍、发掘学习兴趣，在教学的各个环节达到理想的效果。
3.1 创设愉悦的课堂氛围
例如，在进行仁爱版八年级下册Unit 5的Topic 3《Many things can affect our feelings》中，主要围绕Michael的病情，培养学生对自身感情和态度的表达，以及在进行社会交往、就医等环节的交流。经过对教学目标的解析，结合八年级学生自尊心较强，对当众发言存在羞怯心理，害怕出错的心理，教师应当创设宽松愉悦的课堂氛围，鼓励学生多开流。
为此，教师进行了以下教学设计。
3.1.1 第一步：课程导入
Teacher： Good morning， everyone！ I will bring you a very sweet English song. I hope you like it and it can make you happy.
（Then teacher plays the song）
通过愉悦欢快的歌曲导入新课，成功活跃了课堂氛围。
3.1.2 第二步：进入新课教学
Teacher： Do you feel happy when you are listening to the song？
Students：Yes， We do.
Teacher： But can you be happy all the time？ If you failed in the exam， or if you are ill， can you still be happy？
Students：No， we can’t.
Teacher： In our daily life， there are many things can affect our feelings. And it is also the topic of our class.
（Then lead the students to look at the screen）
在课堂氛围的营造上，教师选择了以音乐的形式导入，然后再激发起学生的兴趣后，再顺势进入对课堂内容的讨论和学习。
3.2 多样化教学方法的应用
多样化教学方法是对传统教学方法的一种突破和有效弥补，在英语课堂教学中注入时代活力，利用当代中学生喜闻乐见的多样化形式，如：QQ群、微博等，吸纳更多的新鲜元素，拓宽中学生学习英语的途径；此外，随着计算机信息技术的发展，多媒体课件和flas也成为课堂中有力的辅助工具，利用声、光、色等立体化元素，丰富英语课堂，起到图文并茂、浅显易懂的作用。
4 注重培养学生的自主学习和合作探究能力
我国的教育制度改革中，着重提出并强调了培养学生自主学习与合作探究能力的教学倡议，注重提升学生的创新与发散思维能力。在中考英语试题中也有体现，八年级英语的教学一部分是对初一英语知识的回顾，另一部分就是为中考备考做准备。所以，应在课堂中注重对学生自主学习和合作探究能力的培养。
例如，在进行仁爱版八年级英语上册Unit 3的Topic 1《Hobbies》的教学中，笔者为了锻炼学生的自主学习能力，在课堂提前布置了预习任务，让学生们查字典熟悉单词，并结合所学知识撰写一段小文章，向同学们介绍自己的兴趣爱好。并在课堂上组织了小组交流互动，让同学们相互之间交流，进行角色表演，鼓励学生们多开口、多模仿，教师再给予点评和分析。
5 做好总结与归纳，提升学生的记忆质量
语言类科目学习的内容可以概括为听、说、读、写四个部分，对于八年级英语来说，帮助学生及时做好对课堂知识的巩固和复习，掌握记忆的方式与技巧，对提升学生的记忆质量有重要作用。
教师可以帮助和鼓励学生多总结与归纳单词的记忆技巧、语法的理解技巧等，鼓励学生们多总结和归纳，根据语言的规律来深入理解。例如：在八年级下册Unit 5的单元复习课上，笔者结合词汇和语法的学习目标，进行了重难点复习，并将其总结和归纳为以下几部分：①单元中出现的所有表示人物感情与性格的形容词，如：happy、excited、worried、angry、smart、cruel、cute、brave、disappointed等。②系表结构的概念与常见的系动词，如：be、become、get、turn、grow、feel、seem等。③ed形容词与ing形容词的区别。ed多表达“感到……的”、而ing多表达“令人……的”。④英语形容词的比较级，并总结比较级的规则变化规律，以及一些不规则比较级的特例。
6 结语
英语的课堂教学是一门与时俱进的艺术，“方法、能力、质量”成为构成高效课堂的三要素，教师应当积极进行课堂教学方法的探索与实践，帮助学生更好地提升学习能力，提升记忆质量，进而创设英语教学的魅力课堂。
参考文献：
[1]陈传光.初中英语教学中的课堂导入策略[J].基础应用教育，2012，（2）.
[2]何建兰.利用有效教学，让初中英语教学更精彩[J].学周刊，2012，（4）.
篇8
【关键词】初中英语培养阅读技巧阅读能力
初中英语阅读教学在英语教学中占有非常重要的地位。通过阅读教学，既要使学生获取信息，拓宽视野，丰富生活经历，开发思维能力，提高人文素养。又要向学生传授阅读方法，训练其阅读技巧，以培养他们良好的阅读能力。
人教版英语教材信息量大、内容多。教师必须准确把握教材，精心备课，抓住教材与学生实际之间的共鸣点。以人为本，结合学生的个性差异，兴趣爱好，调动学生学习的积极性。充分利用教材，注重培养学生良好的阅读习惯，指导学生形成正确的阅读方法。
阅读课的导入至关重要。有如电视剧的片头，以其精彩性先声夺人，激发学生的阅读欲望。教师可根据不同体裁的课文采用不同的方法灵活导入新课。
一、形象激趣
直观形象地导入新课能极大地吸引学生的学习兴趣。例如，教学新目标《goforit》八年级（下册）Unit1Doyouthinkyouwillhaveyourownrobot？一文时，教师可下载机器人设计大赛中的一些片断。教学Unit3Doyourememberwhatyouweredoing？时，可从讲述Dr.MartinLutherKing的故事入手，使学生通过故事领会文章。教学Unit4Shesaidhelpingotherschangedherlife时，可播放希望工程主题歌《红书包》，还可播放一些捐资助教的视频。这些形象直观的导入方式能够激发学生的阅读兴趣，并为其理解课文内容奠定基础。
二、时事引趣
教学课文时，联系时事新闻会使学生学得学有所用，从而激发学生的学习动机。例如，教学新目标《goforit》八年级（下册）Unit7Wouldyoumindkeepingyourvoicedown？Unit9HaveyoueverbeentoSingapore？和九年级Unit1Howdowedealwithourproblem？等课时，与构建和谐社会，人与人和谐相处，人与动物和谐相处结合起来。让学生带着一种探究的心理去阅读课文，因而阅读时也会饶有兴趣。
三、设疑提趣
学生带着疑问阅读时对文章的理解更快、更准、更轻松。例如，教学记叙文时，可由W-questions导入，让学生带着问题去读，在文中寻找分析归纳答案，培养学生独立阅读的能力。例如，学生在阅读九年级Unit9Doyouknowwhenbasketballwasinvented？之前，教师可提出下列问题：
字面类问题： WhoinventedBasketball？
Whenwasitinvented？
Whenwasthefirstbasketballgameplayed？
推断类问题： WhyweretheBerlinOlympicsimportantforbasketball？
应用类问题：Whyisitdifficulttobeabasketballplayer？Forexample.
随着学生对课文的理解，还可以命制一些填空题或填表题来帮助学生进一步理解课文，同时也与测试中的任务型阅读接轨。
阅读训练的另一重要环节是对学生进行阅读方法的指导。在教学中，要充分利用教材中丰富的内容，训练他们的阅读技巧，提高他们的理解能力。具体做法是：
一、培养学生良好的阅读习惯
《新课标》中规定：初中阅读理解测试要求考生的平均阅读速度为50―70WPM，生词率为3%。而实际上学生阅读时往往由于一些不良的习惯而影响其阅读速度。这就要求学生阅读时要抓住重点短语或句子，在规定时间内找出答案，提高阅读速度，获取文章整体信息的能力。阅读前教师要先提出问题，让学生带着问题读。例如，教学八年级Unit8Whydon’tyoulearntosingEnglishsongs？时，教师可设计以下问题（判断正误）：
1.ThreegoodwaysofimprovingEnglisharementioned.
2.StudyingEnglishhelpedJiangMeiwintheprize.
3.Singingsongsdoesn’tmeanyoucanspeakEnglishwell.
要求学生在三分钟之内（全文约250个词）速读课文找到答案。这样学生便产生了主动学习的愿望，对英语阅读也颇感兴趣。
二、训练学生的阅读技巧
篇9
当前，提高英语课堂教学效率成了共同关注的一个核心问题。英语课堂教学的优劣直接影响着学生学习英语的效果。如何有效地提高教学效率呢？笔者拟从以下几个方面进行探索：
一、精心设计前置作业
生本理念中的“先学后教”已将学生的“先学”提到了重要的位置。以往的预习作业都是让学生简单地读读单词，虽然在任务型教学的理念下，教师在课堂上还会花较多的时间去教学学生能在课前获得的知识，造成教师控堂的时间还是比较多。但生本教育下，教师会将下一节课要学习的内容以浅显纲要、要点的形式布置，这类作业是为新课做预备，做铺垫、做指引。它是预习作业，但又超越了预习作业。这就是以学生为本的前置作业（preset-homework）。它引导学生怎样去预习，怎样做好“先学”，怎样进行组内的知识融合。前置作业必须是对学生的预习、“先学”有导向作用。在教学八年级下册第八单元Why don’t you get her a scarf？第一?n时，笔者编写了一份学案，其中本课时的前置作业如下：
1. 小组利用音标拼读单词。组内利用互补原则，最大程度上组内每个组员单词读音过关：suggestion，comment，album，personal，special
2. 自主学习重点句型――提出建议和礼物的比较用语：What should I get my mom for her birthday？What / How about a scarf？ That’s too personal/ creative enough.
3. 每位孩子带上曾经收到的礼物，并用英语描述。
Gifts（礼物）： a scarf ， a sweater， a CD ， a book ， an English dictionary， a soccer ball ， a basketball， a notebook ， a pencil case ， a watch， a bicycle ， a camera， a photo album， a calendar ， some flowers an Mp4 ， a pair of scarfs...
Comments（评价）：interesting ， boring ， special ， personal ， creative ， cheap， expensive， wonderful ， creative enough ，beautiful useful ...
Example：I got / received on /when . /The best gift I have ever received is... I got it /them from ...That’s
.I like .
This is a gift that my friends gave me on my birthday /on Day. I think it’s .
二、凸显中心话题
在课堂教学设计时，教师要妙用组织教学的语句和巧设学生操练的文字内容，把所有课堂活动，包括课前用于活跃气氛的短片或音乐，紧扣本课时的中心话题展开，以凸显课时中心话题，不能东一榔头，西一斧。笔者在教学八年级下册第八单元Why don’t you get her a scarf？第一课时时，整合了教材，以新年为主线，贯穿新年赠送礼物这一中心话题。
1. 热身部分为学生齐唱Happy New Year，然后新年快到了，让学生猜测教师收到的新年礼物，学生分享各自收到的新年礼物，教师在恰当的时候对学生的活动进行点评，如：礼轻情意重等。
2. 学生以pair work 的形式讨论有关为朋友、同学、教师或家人挑选新年礼物的话题，把本节课的重点句子引出来。这时，教师起着导学的作用，给予学生半控制状态。
A： What’s up？ You look worried today.
B： I need help. New Year is coming. What should I get ... for the New Year？
A： Why don’t you...？
B： That’s too personal / boring...
A： Why not ...？
B： That’s creative enough. But ...
A： How about...？
B： It’s not special enough/...
A： What about ...？
B： Sounds good. I think she’ll / he’ll like it.
...
3. 处理本节课的听力Section A 2a & 2b。学生一起探究在挑选礼物时，应为不同的人挑选不同的礼物，教师可在此拓展，不同的节日，人们会赠送不同的礼物和赠送礼物时的注意点，也可涉及一些中西方文化差异。同时，小结本课的重难点。
4. 新年到了，学生要为他们的外教Mr and Mrs King以及他们的女儿挑选礼物。这个话题更开放，教师只给出一些tips。
5. 最后，笔者设计了一个任务，教师会经常收到儿子和女儿赠送的礼物，新年临近，请学生帮助教师挑选礼物，因为孩子的喜好差不多，要求学生为教师选择新年礼物出主意，给教师写一份E-mail。
教师不论在创设情境和任务布置时，还是在学生言语训练的内容和课堂评价中，自始至终没有偏离新年赠送礼物这一主线，用赠送礼物把各个教学环节紧密地联系在了一起，使各环节活动串成了一条线，形成了一个整体，突出了本课的中心话题――Gifts。
三、精心设计板书
在英语的许多课堂上，出现了“零板书”的现象。一节课下来，教师竟未板书一个字。无论字词还是教学的重点和难点，都以多媒体的形式呈现，黑板成了摆设。其实，在我们的英语课堂教学中，板书具有多方面的教育作用。一个精心设计的板书就是一本“微型教科书”，不要因为有多媒体技术而忽视了板书的价值。笔者认为，在新的教学改革环境下，板书教学要回归到英语课堂，与多媒体技术相结合，才能达到教学方式的最优化，提高英语教学的课堂效率。
篇10
《英语课程标准》（2011年版）在实施建议中明确指出：“英语教学应当有利于学生理解外国文化，加深对祖国文化的理解，进而拓展文化视野，形成跨文化交际意识和初步的跨文化交际能力。”语言是学习文化的主要工具，语言学习的过程也应该是语言文化学习的过程，因此语言与文化之间的关系非常密切。毫无疑问，学习英语不仅要掌握语音、词汇、语法和习惯表达，还要了解如何用语言来反映社会的历史、习俗，并了解社会文化。
然而，长期以来，在初中英语课堂教学中，许多教师只重视语言知识的讲解和训练，忽视了对学生进行文化意识方面的教学，对于教材中所蕴含的文化意识要么视而不见，要么蜻蜓点水，一带而过，导致学生在实际使用英语的过程中，出现语言运用不得体，不准确的现象。
在多年从事Go for it！教学的实践中，笔者通过观察以及和学生交流发现，学生对纯语言知识的学习普遍感到乏味，不太感兴趣。而他们对跨文化知识却有着浓厚的兴趣。有一项关于“学生最喜欢的课堂活动”的问卷调查的结果也证明了这一点，有68.5%的学生喜欢“文化背景介绍”，是所有被调查的11项课堂活动中比例最高的（束定芳，2004）。由此可见，跨英语文化意识的培养在英语教学中是不可或缺的，它有助于提高学生英语学习的兴趣，有助于学生正确地使用语言，同时，有助于提高学生的自身素养。以下结合Go for it！教材和课堂教学的实践，就如何渗透跨文化意识，提升学生文化素养略陈管见。
二、Go for it！教材中蕴含丰富的文化意识内容
纵观Go for it！ 5册的教材，有34个单元涉及到跨文化教学内容，如，旅游、语言、友谊、名人、体育、音乐、文化、戏剧、动物保护、节目、主题公园、求医问药、购物、态势语、假日、饮食文化等，其中包含民俗文化的内容最多。例如，“从不同方面谈论中西饮食文化内容”所涉及的单元有：七年级上Unit6 Do you like bananas？七年级下Unit8 I’d like some noodles.八年级上Unit7 How do you make a banana shake？九年级Unit6 Reading I only eat food that tastes good.九年级Unit12 You‘re supposed to shake hands. 从制作西餐到吃面条，从饮食结构、饮食规则到餐桌礼仪，使学生更加了解西方社会的基本饮食文化。又如，“介绍一些交往礼仪” 所涉及的单元有：七年级上Unit 1 My name is Gina. 七年级下Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from？八年级下Unit8 Why don’t you get her a scarf？八年级下Unit10 It’s a nice day， isn’t it ？九年级Unit12 You‘re supposed to shake hands等。内容包含如何交友、如何和笔友通信、送礼、和陌生人闲聊、握手、亲吻、鞠躬等体态语，深入到跨文化交往的内涵，使学生能礼貌自信地在面对外国朋友时作出适当的反应。
此外，在Go for it！教材配套的教师教学用书的Teaching Suggestions （Chinese）部分，每单元都配有Culture note，为教师自身对教材中的文化知识的学习与传授提供了很好的备课素材。这些文化内容有利于增进学生对祖国文化和英语国家文化的了解，开阔学生的文化视野。
三、培养跨文化意识，提升学生文化素养的教学实践
1.选择恰当的教学内容与形式，强化跨文化意识
教材是文化意识课程资源的核心部分，是将语言知识与文化知识的学习有机融合的主要载体。Go for it！教材的许多内容往往涉及西方国家的历史、文化、礼仪、地理和风俗等，并且能生动地再现中西文化的差异。如 Go for it！教材九年级Unit 12 You’re supposed to shake hands.这一单元在话题讨论不同国家的风俗习惯——初次见面，餐桌礼仪的基础上，教材中的3a部分对于跨文化知识进行了很好的补充。教师在教学设计和上课时应以教材及其相关资源为平台，通过丰富的文化背景知识的介绍，扩大学生接触各国风俗文化的范围，拓展学生的文化视野。在了解和尊重异国文化的同时，更加理解和热爱本国文化。
词汇中包含着极为丰富的各种文化信息，词汇本身的产生、延伸和新陈代谢，提供了有关文化发展的信息。如，在教授12个月份的英文单词时，笔者课前布置学生上网收集每个月份的由来，作为学生自主学习的预习作业，教师自己也在备课中做好幻灯片，在课堂上加以展示，以3月和4月为例：
如此的设计，便于突破单词读音和拼写的难关，每个单词都有一个传说（由来），教师适当地解说，不但挖掘了词汇学习中的内涵，丰富了学生的文化知识，将语言延伸至文化，还激发了学生英语学习的兴趣，培养学生乐于钻研的精神。Go for it！教材中还列举了不少被收入英语词汇的中文词汇，如tofu（豆腐）、Kungu（功夫）、Erhu（二胡）等。在教授这些词汇时，笔者有意识地引导学生学习和整理中文词汇中的外来词，这样不仅可以增强学生英语学习的动机，培养他们对外国文化和英语学习的积极态度，更可以加深对本民族文化的了解，提升学生的文化素养。
选择阅读教学中的跨文化内容与形式，也是强化学生跨文化意识的重要途径之一。例如，八年级下册Unit3的阅读语篇“Do you remember what you were doing？”，描写的是美国黑人英雄马丁·路德·金的被害事件对整个社会所造成的影响。在实际教学中，我们发现大部分学生对马丁·路德·金这个伟人一无所知，如果教师没有在读前环节对马丁·路德·金的背景进行介绍，学生是无法体会到为什么他被暗杀会引起那么大的反应，甚至于三十年后人们还清晰地记得当时的情形。笔者曾在一次年轻教师的公开课中听到师生这样的对话：
T：（呈现Martin Luther King在演讲的图片）What was he doing ？Do you know who is Martin Luther King？ Do you know him？
S： He is the king of America.
T： He is the king of America，right？ （呈现PPT）
Ss： （笑）
T：（呈现3张有关Martin的图片）Ok. Here’s some introduction of Martin Luther King. Ok，he was the famous leader of American civil rights movement. His most influential and well-known speech is “I Have A Dream”.
这个案例说明了文化背景知识的补充在英语阅读教学中的重要性和必要性。授课教师备课时有考虑到Martin Luther King的背景知识渗透问题，但介绍过于简单。学生回答“He is the king of America.”一方面反映出学生对大小写开头的King和king之间的含义区别不清楚，另一方面学生对20世纪60年代美国的黑人运动不了解，那么对Martin Luther King的伟大以及人们闻其死讯时的悲伤更是无法体会了。因此，教师根据教学需要有必要及时提供给学生必不可少的文化背景知识，以便学生在阅读实践中跨越阅读过程中的文化障碍，增加文化积累。
2.借助语言知识教学，突出文化内涵
语言知识的学习与文化密不可分。教学中不但要使学生掌握语言知识，还要使学生掌握使用语言时应遵循的社会文化准则，并使他们得到有意识的学习和反复的练习。在Go for it！ 教学中，笔者充分利用单元话题，给学生呈现丰富多彩的背景知识，尽量设计英语活动课，为学生创造参与和体验的机会。例如：在教八年级下册Unit10 It’s a nice day ，isn’t it？时，我给学生讲解为什么英国人见面时总喜欢谈论天气。在这一单元Section A教学结束时，我布置学生分小组编写对话，根据所给的各种不同场合写出闲聊会话，并利用课余时间进行排练，然后利用课堂时间，让学生把准备好的对话表演出来。通过活动课，学生们进一步体验了与陌生人闲聊时应该考虑到听者的文化背景，生活习惯，喜，怒，哀，乐等。
又如，在教八年级下册Unit8 Why don’t you get her a scarf？时，正值Mother’s Day（母亲节）即将来临，我鼓励学生替母亲做一件力所能及的事情，同时告诉学生，写贺卡，发短信向亲朋好友表达祝福和感谢是英语语言国家常用的表达方式之一。布置学生自制贺卡，让他们在卡纸上表达对母亲的爱和祝福。学生们的贺卡造型各异，上面写着：“Thanks for your love. I love you. Happy Mother’s Day！”“Dear mom， I want to tell you that I’m lucky to be your child.Today is Mother’s Day. I know you are tired every day Because you work hard for our family. These years you are tired.Now I want to say thank-you to you. In the end， I hope you will be more and more beautiful. I love you.” 等。一张张写着孩子们对母亲的祝福、感谢和爱的卡片给学生带来了一次表达爱的体验，有的学生说他从小到大还没有向母亲这样表达过，母亲们也因此收获了一次感动和幸福。这一活动的开展，让学生不仅学会了写英文感谢短信，还学会了感恩，让学生在学习语言的同时也能得到文化的熏陶。
3.利用现代多媒体，拓展文化资源
现代媒体教学是当今语言学习的重要途径之一。随着语言学习渠道的日益增长，实物与生动形象的图片资源、报纸、杂志信息十分丰富，电影与网络资源在体现故事情节与动态的表演方面占据了优势，其表达的深刻内容，有助于理解文化知识内涵，它们是跨文化教学不可或缺的重要手段。
笔者经常结合教学内容，通过多媒体资源，让学生观看英文版经典电视剧或电影，学习和欣赏英语歌曲等。例如，八年级下Unit2 What should I do？的单元教学目标是谈论学校和家庭中遇到的麻烦和问题，以及为他人或自己找到合理的解决办法，提出相应的建议。在教这一单元时，我让学生观看被全美儿童评选为最喜爱的电视剧《新成长的烦恼》。该剧以少女利齐·迈奎尔和她的同学米兰达、戈多的校园经历为主线，以利齐的弟弟马特和父母的故事为副线，用轻喜剧的方式生动、幽默地展示了美国中学生的生活状况和情感历程。 尽管中美青少年的校园和家庭生活存在一定的差异，但剧中十几岁孩子的那些不安分的小动作、口中说的时髦语言、个性鲜明的行为举止，以及青少年朋友之间的小矛盾等，使学生在享受幽默带来的乐趣中产生了共鸣，在情境体验中，轻松获得美国中学生的校园和家庭文化知识
4.利用测试手段，突出跨文化内容
在日常教学中，传统的笔头测试为跨文化意识的培养提供了良好的手段。如运用单（多）项选择与判断、情景交际练习等。为了提高学生对中外文化的敏感度，我们在选择测试形式和内容时，可以有意识地选择带有明显文化差异的题目。如：
① ——Tina，would you like to go to the cinema this weekend？
______________.
A.Thank you B.See you soon
C.That’s a good idea D.Yes，I think so
②When you are invited to have dinner at an American friend’s house，what should you do？
A.Bring a small gift and offer to help in the kitchen.
B.Bring an expensive gift you think the host or hostess may need or like，and get ready to talk about your native culture.
C.Bring nothing as a gift， but offer to help in the kitchen.
D.Bring nothing as a gift，but get ready to talk about your native culture.
