高三语文作文范文
时间:2023-03-23 08:25:09
导语:如何才能写好一篇高三语文作文,这就需要搜集整理更多的资料和文献,欢迎阅读由公务员之家整理的十篇范文,供你借鉴。
篇1
一、抓准作文的增长点,因材施教,循序渐进,循循善诱
针对语文学困生最为薄弱的作文环节,因此,我们采用“因材施教、循序渐进、循循善诱”的个性化教育,把他们召集起来,进行分阶段的帮辅――每周三晚上一节课的作文辅导和训练。
第一阶段:训练审题立意的能力。收集整理2014-2015年全国各省市的作文题,让他们进行审题立意的训练。一次3道题,分别批阅讲解,指出他们审题中的问题及可以改进之处,并提供高考作文佳作供他们赏析,让他们尝试说出优秀作文可取之处,对他们正确的评点及时表扬,以此来增强他们的自信心。
第二阶段:训练论证方法,兼顾文章结构。对于学困生来说,事例论证、对比论证是他们最熟悉的论证法。可是,根据考试大纲发展等级的要求“透过现象深入本质,揭示事物内在的因果关系,观点具有启发作用”可知,因果分析法在议论文写作中能更胜一筹。那么该如何指导这种“因果分析法”呢?
先W习“一果三因式”,以“史上温暖图书馆”为例,展开因果思维训练,掌握“六段式”议论结构。
(一)引材料,阐述“是什么(怎样)”:流浪汉进馆阅读是社会文明的体现。
(二)为何这样?(内外因,3点原因)
原因一:图书馆是公共资源、公共场所,正常公民都可以享用,求知面前人人平等。(外因1:从图书馆的特点分析)
原因二:时代进步了,社会文明了,社会主义核心价值观提倡:文明、和谐。流浪汉就馆阅读的文明、和谐的体现。(外因2:从社会因素分析)
原因三:拾荒者、流浪汉,他是精神正常的公民,他与其他读者不一样就是经济差距,在追求知识、精神人格方面是平等的。(内因:从正常公民的权益分析)
(三)要怎样:针对这种、这类问题,我们要怎么做(措施分析)
针对这种歧视弱势群体,拒绝他们享用公共资源、参与公共活动的行为,呼吁:
政府要有政策保障支持,给弱势人群温暖与关爱;要加强学校教育、家庭教育,让学生不嫌弃甚至关心、关爱弱势群体。
(四)总结扣题,首尾呼应。
在对学困生进行因果思维分析训练的同时,让他们掌握议论文基本的写作框架。经过两个月的帮辅,这些学困生在阶段考中作文成绩大有提升。作文成绩质的飞跃,客观上也满足了他们的功利性,因此这些学生以更高的热情投入语文学习当中。
第三阶段:继续训练说理方式,学习“让步说理”和“类比说理”。还是以“史上温暖图书馆”为例。
“让步说理”:在第一段引材料,阐述了“是什么(怎样)”后的第二段,教他们“让步说理”,用“不可否认”,“诚然”等表示承认某种与观点相反的现象,或表示可能存在的现象,或几种选择中的更好,目的是更辩证。
例:不可否认(诚然),这些拾荒者、流浪汉进馆读书、听音乐等可能会存在卫生、服饰穿着等不太整洁的一面,部分读者嫌弃他不卫生,不文雅,影响了自己的阅读,产生了不良的歧视的情绪,这些现象可能会出现的。
但是他也是一个正常的公民,他有权力享受公共资源,有权在图书馆看书学习……,因此我认为流浪汉、拾荒者进图书馆阅读是文明进步的体现。
“类比说理”:在“因果分析法”之后的段,可以补充“类比说理”。即类比分析产生现象的背景,进而归纳产生问题、现象的根源、意义、影响(坏的方面――危害,好的方面――价值)。
例如:诸如此类的流浪汉、拾荒者在生活中公共场所受歧视还有:流浪汉等弱势群体乘坐公共汽车、流浪汉到餐馆就餐,甚至他们的家属都受歧视。为什么呢?精心反思,就是等级观念作祟,就是文明低下、修养不高的表现,是对底层弱势群体的人格尊严的不尊重。其实这种歧视产生的危害不小,容易让人更加自卑、自闭,更容易形成心理疾病,甚至牺牲生命等危害。(类比一根源一危害)
经过近半年的循序渐进、循循善诱的帮辅,这些学困生在基础等级和发展等级这两个方面都得到规范的训练,基本上悟出了写作的规律,在2016年的4月省质检中,他们的作文都上了新台阶,平均得分43.5,比原先未帮辅前的30.6分提升12.9分。
二、抓稳作文的得分点,因人制宜,教给方法,授之以渔
学困生的个性不同、经历不同,兴趣也千差万别。如能发挥他们自身独特的优势,深入挖掘写作题材,让他们借助“熟识”,写出别样精彩的文章来,无疑是抓稳得分点的极为有效的策略。同时,让学困生结合自己的写作特点,形成一种相对成熟的思维模式,从而快速成文。为此我们教给学困生一套写作思路――“推迭式”:梳理选定、对接勾连、整合归纳来应对考场作文题。
1.梳理选定:就是根据考场上的作文题,对自己熟悉的题材进行梳理,深入挖掘自己所熟悉的这一题材的意义点,从中选定一个与考场作文题主旨契合的意义点。
2.对接勾连:就是从自己熟悉的这类题材梳理出的不同角度、不同意义点中选定的某个意义点,用一两句话与本次作文的作文题搭建起一座桥梁,使之对接勾连起来。
3.整合归纳:就是把自己熟悉的这类题材选定的某个意义点与作文题有共同点或相似点的内容整合归纳在一起,而后阐述分析连缀成篇。
比如,有的学生很喜欢被誉为“建筑界的诺贝尔奖”的建筑师王澍,对他的事迹了如指掌,我们就教给他们挖掘“王澍”这一人物的角度和意义点的方法。
扣住王澍“让自己沉寂10年”这个核心内涵进行挖掘。可以采用“追问法(由果溯因)”追问:为什么王澍“让自己沉寂10年”?他是为了积聚能量,这样就有了“目标、积累”相关的意义点。怎样积累能量?要探索,要创新,要持之以恒,要守住寂寞。这样不断地“追问”,王澍这一人物题材的意义点就能被不断挖掘出来,从而为不同的作文题服务。
如果考场作文是以“目标”为话题,那么就可以运用自己“熟悉”的王澍这一题材,按照“退迭式”思路进行写作:
篇2
一、上学期考试总体情况分析
(1)学生们没有构建完整的知识体系;
(2)基础知识掌握不够;
(3)见不多,识不广,导致鉴赏拓展创新没有依托;
(4)语文答题的规范意识欠缺。
二、主要教学内容计划安排
(1)完成高中语文教材第五册教学及读本中一些重要篇目的学习,力求做到充分借助读本,培养学生独立思考的阅读习惯,通过比较、分析与归纳,借鉴或吸取有益的养分,从而提高语文素养,发展学生个性,培养语言综合能力。
(2)组织并完成高三语文第一轮复习。
三、具体教学措施
(1)基于学情分析和教学计划的安排,我准备深入备课,根据学情实行有效教法,不断探求课堂教学的艺术性和高效性,保证授课质量。作业批改方面,坚决贯彻学校对高三提出的作业练习的要求,通过练习加强落实,提高书面表达能力,对学生作文争取做到精批细改,并尽可能地对学生进行面批。做好考试的命题,审题,阅卷,分析讲评,考后总结与思想疏导工作。力求让学生"考一次,长一智"。
(2)期间我还计划充分利用早自习时间,督促学生复习巩固高一高二背诵默写过的课文和教材上出现过的语文基础知识,做好高一高二文言文的第一轮复习,利用自习课的时间发挥学生主动性,分小组找题做题,共同练习基础知识题,力求在本学期末完成语文基础知识的复习,帮助学生夯实语文基础,提高语文能力。
(3)另外计划采用一优生带一后进生的一帮一行动,请优生介绍学习经验,后进生加以学习。课堂上创造机会,用优生学习思维、方法来影响后进生。并建立培优学生档案,将每次考试成绩列表,分析每次考试得失,以求出现语文拔尖生。
篇3
To the leaders and teachers; Dear parents and classmates,
Good afternoon!
It is my great honor to stand here today to say goodbye to my Alma mater, to say goodbye to my Alma mater, and to say goodbye to this unforgettable high school year. First of all, I would like to thank my teachers, parents and classmates for their trust in me.
Three years ago, at this time, we were yearning for this school outside the campus. Three years later, we were full of it. Three years ago, we entered the school with excellent grades and parents' expectations. Three years later, we are leaving the beautiful campus with growing experience and parents' comfort.
Standing in the three years after the end, we found that high school is a too hasty book, unconsciously, China with more than one thousand pages so rushed over, but it's more than one thousand days and nights into numerous real life details emerge in front of us, all the Chinese redbud, kapok blooming; The noisy playground, the quiet botanical garden; The sound of the morning, the hasty and full of evening, the love-hate and love-hate dining hall, the library that makes people forget to return; With my classmates' heart and soul, and the teacher's laughter... It is in the silent steps of time that we have changed from three years ago, to the mature and acute, from the confusion of three years ago, to today's steadfast courage! Choose to let us have no regrets, we would like to sincerely say: in the attachment, thank you!
When we will leave school, we might as well from the emotion in the territory to set aside a reason, ten years, twenty years or thirty years later, when the familiar faces and scenery gradually fade, when the class learned the chapter out of my mind, when we are on the stage of fuzzy failure, we rely on what to maintain the Alma mater of deep feelings? What is the common blood that flows through each of the attached people?
First of all, it is the spirit of hardship that is attached to us. "If you eat bitter, you will be a companion." We will not forget those eight days in the hot sun, the sonorous military training pace, unforgettable that week in the qingyuan township of the rice training "the three identical" of the agricultural test; We shall never forget the time when we were running around the playground with our tired legs and tired legs. I can't forget the summer night's scorching heat, the bitter cold in winter. It is these hardships that have chastened our plain character; It is these hardships that have cultivated our strong and unyielding spirit; Even more, let us understand the mission and responsibilities that are shouldering on the shoulders of contemporary youth, and let us understand the "first taste of sweet, sweet, sweet and sweet", which Yang told us. First eat big bitter, then eat small bitter, small bitter is also sweet!"
Second, it is the space that gives us freedom to think freely. If we are birds, we are the blue sky. If we are running water, it is high mountain. The attachment gives us the desire to fly high, and the attachment gives us the possibility to rush into the distance. In this area, we are free to form a community that can bring into play our individual character and talents. We make public our individuality in the election of the student union, and we display our wisdom in the innovation competition. On the other hand, very few homework assignments, a full week of self-study and body forging, and the seemingly strict but extremely loose management system. It is these freedoms that tell us that while we are focused on learning, we should develop more fully and highlight our strengths. It is these freedoms that tell us to learn to choose and to give up; It is also these freedoms that tell us to manage our own lives and plan our own lives.
Third, it is a pluralistic view of our cognitive world. Adhering to the principal wu "with complete modern education builds high quality of modern people" concept of education, the cultivation of the affiliated high school of respected multivariate quality, bring all kinds of talents to grow hair glory: there are an infinite number of elective courses, there are rich and colorful club activities, there are too many things to see the style of competition. In the school sports meet, we are splashing the sweat of youth; At the festival, we dance the young rhythm; In the science festival, we jump to innovative thinking. Cultivate the consciousness of our citizens, volunteers group wonderful "BBS of the affiliated high school of" broaden our horizons, there are rich and colorful summer camp every year and a wide variety of academic investigation activities, make we look around the world, with the world... Under the background of such respect and diversity, the soil in the attachment makes us a living individual, and we will embrace all advanced civilizations with the mind of the attached people.
Today, we stand on the new starting point of life, the road ahead is how to explore, but I know, the affiliated high school of people not afraid, because of the affiliated high school of three years of experience, let us gradually clear the way forward. Graduation from high school is both an end and a starting point. With the confidence and calmness characteristic of the attached, we will walk into the holy university hall and enter the society full of competition and challenge. We must be able to create a new splendor in the college entrance exam a week later. We must also be able to win one victory after another in the future.
The long wind and the waves will sometimes hang in the sea!
篇4
A to the twelfth month, every household will prepare necessities and supermarket goods fully, pay team as crowded as long.
Run the necessities and to clean again, don't pass any a corner, to get the things in the house spotless, meaning to sweep away the bad things, hope for the coming year jixiangruyi, everything.
December 30, men, women and children were put on new clothes, outside has been labeled as red couplets. One day everyone unless as a last resort, be sure to go home for family reunion dinner. In the evening, the family sit together to eat a big table is rich and delicious food. The symbol of the New Year eating not sorrow to wear.
Ate dinner, we sit together watching Spring Festival gala, edge of talk in recent years, the house was filled with laughter. "For a New Year's eve firecrackers, spring breeze gifts into the toso" yi? I don't see any fireworks? "Bang" fireworks into the dark sky, while the day have to be with brightness, "petals" with the sky. Does the sky is not the most beautiful New Year's eve?
Resting on everyone, everywhere is quiet. Until the third day, adults busy again, they want to go to relatives and friends happy New Year. The children more happy, because you can get a lot of lucky money.
The twinkling of an eye to the end of February, the adults to work, the work to go to school children to school, people working toward the goal.
新的一年到了,去年画上了一个圆满的句号,而新的一年又将开始了。
一到腊月,每家每户都要预备年货,超市里的物品一抢而空,交费的队伍如长龙般拥挤。
办好年货,就要大扫除一遍,不放过任何一个角落,要把屋里的东西打扫得一尘不染,寓意要把不好的东西扫走,企盼来年吉祥如意,事事顺心。
腊月三十,男女老少都穿上了新衣服,门外已经贴上了红红的对联。这天每个人除非万不得已,一定要回家吃团圆饭。晚上,一家人坐在一起吃一大桌丰富而美味的饭菜。这象征这新的一年里不愁吃不愁穿。
吃了饭,大家坐在一起边看春晚,边聊聊近年来的情况,屋里洋溢着大家的笑声。“爆竹声中一岁除,春风送暖入屠苏”咦?怎么没有烟花呢?“砰”绚丽的烟花飞入了漆黑的天上,霎时间天被照得通亮,“花瓣”似的洒满天空。难道除夕夜的天空不是最美丽的吗?
篇5
Progress in science and the improvement of living conditions have led to the rapid growth of the world population. Modern medicine, for example, has made it possible for babies to grow up healthily and for people to live longer. With improved living conditions, particularly in the countryside, people tend to have larger families. As a result, the world population has increased so rapidly that it has now exceeded 6 billion.
But the overgrowth of population presents a threat to the existence of human society. A large population demands a GREat deal of food supply and shelter space. However, limited productivity and scarce world resources can hardly meet the needs of the ever-increasing population. Thus, in the long run, the overgrowth of the world population will only harm mankind.
To guarantee the steady development of human society, mankind must realize the consequences resulting from fast population growth and carry out a family planning programme. Only by adopting effective measures, can human society develop steadily and have a bright future.
篇6
Progress in science and the improvement of living conditions have led to the rapid growth of the world population. Modern medicine, for example, has made it possible for babies to grow up healthily and for people to live longer. With improved living conditions, particularly in the countryside, people tend to have larger families. As a result, the world population has increased so rapidly that it has now exceeded 6 billion.
But the overgrowth of population presents a threat to the existence of human society. A large population demands a GREat deal of food supply and shelter space. However, limited productivity and scarce world resources can hardly meet the needs of the ever-increasing population. Thus, in the long run, the overgrowth of the world population will only harm mankind.
To guarantee the steady development of human society, mankind must realize the consequences resulting from fast population growth and carry out a family planning programme. Only by adopting effective measures, can human society develop steadily and have a bright future.
篇7
在千百年的悠长时光中,有无数的优秀文化,它们静默存在,无声传承,如经纬般定位了一个民族的未来。然而,一味的传承并不能让人印象深刻,唯有在继承的基础上不断创新,不断发展,方能屹立于历史的长河之中,留百世光芒。
从“倚天把剑观沧海,斜插芙蓉醉楼台”,到”国破山河在,城春草木深”,从李商隐的秋池浇开紫丁香的惆怅到渭城的朝雨沾湿王维的衣裳,作为一个民族精神领域里的拓荒,唐诗无疑是辉煌的。可其后的宋人并没有因循唐诗的套路,在是在继承唐诗的基础上创造出更加灵活多变的宋词,于是有了‘‘杨柳岸,晓风残月’’的婉约,于是有了”大江东去,浪淘尽,千古风流人物‘’的豪放,支撑起宋代文学这一宏伟壮丽的穹宇。若没有对唐诗的创新,宋词又怎能点亮文学天空,在历史上留下不可磨灭的印记?
‘‘仁者爱人“三人行则必有我师焉‘’,孔孟之学作为万圣之至论流传至今,可王阳明却不甘心只是一味的对传统儒学进行继承,于是他怀着“五云天北是神州’’的豪情入住龙场,在群山中闭关三年,在对儒学的继承与创新中,他终于找到自己苦苦追寻的理。三年后,当他从群山中走出时,它已成为与孔孟并列的儒学大师。在继承中创新,王阳明为儒学的发展点缀了一抹动人的色彩,也让他在滚滚的历史长河中屹立不倒。
在优秀的文化面前,我们要做的,不仅仅是学习,更重要的发扬,是创新。正是因为在继承中创新,才有了汤一介的《儒藏》,字句都闪耀着智慧的光芒;也才有了米谢莱身后高高耸起的史书,片段都是饱含钙质的土壤,孕育出法兰西文化的清香。倘若不知创新,一味照搬,结果只能是像闭关锁国的清政府,像固步自封的勃列日涅夫,被历史的浪潮重重的拍打在沙滩上,在人们的脑海中渐渐淡去。
篇8
Travel is a very good means of broadening a person's perspective. It makes you come into contact with different cultures, meet people of different colors and go through peculiar rites and ceremonies. Travelling much, you will not only enrich your knowledge and experiences, but also be aware of the vastness of nature.
Travel may also relieve person of boredom and gloom. Travel brings you enjoyment and attraction. It gives you a pleasant experience, which will disperse your boredom and make you forget whatever annoys you. Travel broadens your mind and leaves you good memories. Later, you may go over these memories and enjoy your past experiences, thus keeping a fresh and sunny mind.
The field's his study, nature was his book.
Travelers can choose different modes of transportation which have advantages and disadvantages. Airplanes are the fastest but also the most expensive. Buses and trains are less expensive, but they soon make you feel cramped and uncomfortable. Ships provide you with comfort unless you get seasick. Most people can afford traveling by bicycle, which, although slow, can limber up your muscles and get you closer to nature.
【译文】
旅行是一个很好的手段,拓宽一个人的观点。它让你接触到不同的文化,满足人们不同的颜色和通过特殊的仪式和典礼。旅行多,你不仅会丰富你的知识和经验,但也知道大自然的浩瀚。
旅游也可以缓解无聊和沮丧的人。旅行带给你的乐趣和吸引力。它给你一个愉快的体验,它将分散你的无聊,让你忘记一切惹恼了你。旅行拓宽你的思维,让你美好的回忆。之后,你可能会在这些回忆,享受你的过去的经验,从而保持新鲜和阳光心态。
篇9
一、加负永远是失败之举
高三,无论是对教师还是对学生而言,都是非常时期。人们觉得进行大剂量高难度的训练名正言顺又在情理之中,以考促学,一举多得:可以检查水平,可以看出问题,可以推进复习……真是一箭多雕,何乐而不为?教师的意图很好,出发点不错,似乎就无可非议,毋庸置疑了。但事实告诉我们:首先,语文学习成绩与考试频率、难度之间不存在正相关关系,而且无“质”的保障的“量”的叠加,并不能引起“质”的飞跃;提升难度并不能稳固知识的基础。因为学科特点决定了语文的教学,与理科类学科有天壤之别,其内容、要求、目的、运用方式、知识结构都要求教师注目于学生对语文知识的懂、悟、联、用,即明白原理、理解体验、联系联想、迁移运用,而在语文学习中,“懂”“悟”的极端重要性是其他任何一门学科都无法比拟的,是必须让学生首先达到的目标,因为学生的“懂”“悟”既不是教师可以代劳的,又不是通过考试就能办到的。据此可见,当前高三语文教学最大的弊端在于教师将教学的重心误投于频繁的无休止的也将是无益的考查考试上了。其次,师生对于频繁的考查考试中只得穷于应付,疲于奔命,由于学生缺乏必要的消化吸收和积极准备,因此效益很差。显然那种津津乐道于并孜孜不倦于考试万能的做法,已经走进了死胡同。教师的教学只能遵循学生心理需要的原则才会取得成功。成功的高三语文教学就是要让学生获得成绩,主动学习;要达到这一目的,方法有两个:一是降低考试难度,降低考试频率;二是加强管理,积极引导,激励学生主动学习,帮助学生学会学习,由此提高学生的学习质量。
二、让高三学生拥有成就感
我们需要学生获取优良的成绩,但偏多偏难偏怪的训练是学生获取优良成绩道路上的拦路虎。学生语文成绩较差,追根究底,是语文教学模式的落伍和误导的必然恶果:偏多的训练,取缔的是学生必要的学习复习、消化吸收、补充整固;偏难的训练,消耗的是师生的热情和信念,给人以教师劳而无功,学生学无所成的错觉。长此以往,削弱的是向前的动力,增长的是失败的情绪,弱化的是自学的能力,降低的是教学的质量,浪费的是宝贵的时间。
正确之举是尽快降低语文训练的难度,让学生在学习中充分感受学习的成效,而难度恰当的训练同样能让人发现问题。在这样的语文测试与训练中,我们才能大胆地承认,学生的学习,成绩是主流,问题是枝叶;这不仅能激发学生的激情、兴趣,稳固他们的信心,而且大大地有助于存在的问题的发现、思索、解决,有助于富有针对性地展开新的复习。
正确之举在于尽快降低考查或训练的频率,使师生均有反思过去、修正现实、规划未来的时间地带,使教师拥有指导学生的机会,使学生具备知识储备的条件。把时间交给学生使用,而不是握在教师手上进行无价值的、不厌其烦的考查。养兵千日,用兵一时。不“养”,谈何“用”?没有储备,怎能应战?这不是一个简单而又深刻的道理吗?
三、管理至上,指导为重
树立管理至上,指导为重的基本策略;放弃盲目蛮干式的加时间、加题量、加不必要的压力;尝试从管理追求效益,从指导收获成就,从学生自主学习、有效消化追求学生语文水平提高和语文能力发展的效果。
我以为,高三语文教师要做的工作有两件:一是给学生创造自主学习的基本条件;二是对学生的自主学习进行指导、管理。
篇10
现实告诉我,语文教学尤其到了高三,应该怎么做。我要有条不紊地重点突出地梳理六册书的基本篇目和各个知识点,我要研究考试说明和近几年的高考语文试卷,然后逐一对照 、条分缕析,以便把握各种题型的命题特点、规律和走向以及解题的基本思路和操作要领, 最重要的是我要在浩如烟海的各种复习训练题中寻章摘句,精心挑选,剪切拼凑出一套又一 套的练习题,然后让学生做,做完以后批改,批改以后讲解,讲解以后再做,一轮又一轮, 一天又一天……讲得口干舌燥、汗流浃背,讲得昏天黑地、心力交瘁,讲得教师茫茫然不知所云,讲得学生如堕五里雾中无所措手足……据说,这就叫对学生负责!
我不得不这样做,然而,一种屈辱感、羞忿感在我的心头滋长,这种感觉越来越强烈, 它已经在干扰我的正常的工作和生活。
我一直试图找寻一种切实可行的方法体系,能实现训练次数减少与获取效益提高,以运用于高三语文教学实践。通过多年的探索,我感到高三语文教学的灵魂在于“管理”二字。
对于“管理”,不可望文生义,不可简化为“管”,更不可幼稚地认定为“管教”。教学管理的生命是“导”,是“指”,是引导学生的精力的投放,时间的安排;是对学生方法的启发,主体欲望的催生和学习激情的激活。如何从根本上提高高三学生语文的实战能力和竞技水平?如何让学生卓有成效地进行语文学习和复习?我有自以为独特的理解和方法。
一、加负永远是失败之举
高三,无论对教师还是对学生而言,都是非常时期。在高三,人们觉得进行大剂量高难度的训练名正言顺又在情理之中,以考促学,一举多得:可以检查水平,可以看出问题,可以推进复习,可以……真是一箭多雕,何乐不为?教师的意图很好,出发点不错,似乎就无可非议,无庸置疑了,但这种步入误区的做法,这种给师生加负的举措,既无科学性,又无操作价值,因此不可能获得预期的效果,所以也是永远得不偿失的失败之举。
事实告诉我们:首先,语文学习成绩与考试频率、难度之间不存在正相关关系,而且无“质”的保障的“量”的叠加,并不能导致“质”的飞跃;另外,提升难度并不能稳固知识的基础。因为学科特点决定了语文的教学,与理科类学科有天壤之别,其内容、要求、目的、运用方式、知识结构都要求教师注目于学生对语文知识的懂、悟、联、用——即明白原理、理解体验、联系联想、迁移运用,而语文学习中,“懂”“悟”的极端重要性是其他任何一门学科都无法比拟的,是必须让学生首先达到的目标,学生的“懂”“悟”既不是教师可以代劳的,也不是通过考试就能办到的。据此可见,当前高三语文教学最大的弊端在于教师将教学的重心误投于频繁的无休止的也将是无益的考查考试上了。其次,师生在频繁的考查考试中,只得穷于应付,疲于奔命,由于学生缺乏必要的消化吸收和积极准备,因此效益很差,必会缺乏成就感,令人身心疲惫,业让人悲观失望。为什么考试都不能激发学生的学习紧迫感呢?这是很多语文教师无奈的叹息——这恰恰表明:那种津津乐道于并孜孜不倦于考试万能的做法,已经走进了死胡同。
我以为教师的教学应该而且必须遵循学生心理需要的原则才是成功的。成功的高三语文教学就是要让学生获得成绩,主动学习;要达到这一目的,方法有两个:一是降低考试难度,降低考试频率;二是加强管理,积极引导,激励学生主动学习,帮助学生学会学习,由此提高学生学习质量。
二、让高三学生拥有成就感
高三学生学习语文缺乏成就感,与教学模式、教学重点、教师对学生的导向、学生的主动学习的欲望、条件之间存在着因果关系。现在,已经到了思考以下问题并作出抉择的时候了: 为什么语文知识和考点都比较少,但学生还学不出色,教师还教得不满意? 师生最需要的结果到底是什么?为什么我们在追求结果的路上常常迷失在手段的迷雾中?③高考语文题总体难度不高,而我们的学生为什么总是做得不尽如人意?
我们需要的结果学生获取优良的成绩,但偏多偏难偏怪的训练正是学生获取优良成绩道路上的拦路虎。学生语文成绩较差,从表面的逻辑推理得出的结论将简单扼要而又似乎令人信服:学生“双基”确实太差;其实,追根究底,语文学习不能令人满意,是语文教学模式的落伍和误导的必然恶果:偏多的训练,取缔的是学生必要的学习复习、消化吸收、 补充整固;偏难的训练,消耗的是师生的热情和信念,给人以教师劳而无功,学生学无所成的错觉。长此以往,削弱的是向前的动力,增长的是失败的情绪,弱化的是学生自学的能力, 降低的是教学的质量,浪费的是宝贵的时间。
正确之举是尽快降低语文训练的难度,让学生在学习中充分感受学习的成效,而难度恰当的训练同样能让人发现问题。在这样的语文测试与训练中。我们才有条件大胆地承认,学生的学习,成绩是主流,问题是枝叶;这不仅能激发学生的激情、兴趣,稳固他们的信心,也大大地有助于存在的问题的发现、思索、解决,有助于富有针对性地展开新的复习。
正确之举在于尽快降低考查或训练的频率,使师生均有反思过去、修正 现实、 规划未来的时间地带,使教师拥有指导学生的机会,使学生拥有知识储备的条件。把时间交给学生去使用,而不是握在教师手上进行无价值的、不厌其烦的考查。养兵千日,用兵一时;不“养”,谈何“用”?没有储备,怎能应战?这不是一个简单而又深刻的道理吗?
三、管理至上,指导为重
树立管理至上,指导为重的基本策略;放弃盲目蛮干式的加时间、加题量、加不必要的压力;尝试从管理追求效益,从指导收获成就,从学生自主学习、有效消化去追求学生语文水平提高和语文能力发展的效果。
语文教学的三大禁忌却正是高三教师采用最多并乐此不疲的基本模式:大量讲述大量训练;对学生大量的不断地否定。这种模式的特点相当突出,其内容组件之间的因果关系显而易见。这种做法的弊端不仅体现为主宾倒置,取消学生主体参与,教师过于居高临下,而且这种做法也正符合孙子所谓之“攻城”的战术特征: “投入”多,“产出”少,得不偿失;旷日持久,“久则钝兵挫锐”,成效在高密度和高强度的讲述训练中被抵消;须知,讲述和训练是两柄“双刃剑”;在无效训练及其带来的失败的心理压力下,学生就会逐渐丧失提高语文学业水平的信念,士气日益低落,陷入简单应付的状态。因此,孙子特别指出“攻城之法,为不得已”。我以为,高三语文教师要做的工作有两件: 给学生创造自主学习的基本条件;对学生自主学习进行指导、管理。
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